Influenza: Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention - V.D. Moskaliuk 2010

Influenza
Therapeutic interventions for ARVI
Microwave resonance therapy (MRT)

Recently, publications have emerged concerning the clinical application of a relatively new electrotherapy modality—super-high-frequency electrotherapy, or SHF therapy. This is a drug-free method for correcting pathological and borderline (pre-disease) physiological and pathophysiological states of The Human Body (which are still "free" from structural changes, meaning they lack a pathomorphological substrate).

The therapeutic effect is achieved through the local action of non-thermal intensity electromagnetic radiation in the super-high-frequency (SHF) band on receptor fields, reflexogenic zones, and acupuncture points. The preferential application of millimeter-wave electromagnetic radiation (MMW EMR) to biologically active points has led to this method also being characterized as "microwave Resonance reflexotherapy." Nevertheless, physiotherapeutic practice most commonly employs the term SHF therapy (E.N. Chuyan, I.A. Temuryants, O.B. Moskovchuk et al., 2003).

As the authors assert, the action of millimeter-wave electromagnetic radiation ultimately manifests as a range of therapeutic effects: neuroadaptive, immunomodulatory, regenerative, and antioxidant—including analgesic (partially via The stimulation of opioid peptide secretion), trophic, and secretory effects (Yashin A.A., 2000).

The non-invasive nature and safety of the method for both patients and medical staff, coupled with its pronounced clinical efficacy, allow SHF therapy to be utilized for the Treatment, Prevention, and Rehabilitation of patients with various disorders in inpatient, outpatient, and sanatorium settings, as well as at home.

The acronym SHF EMR stands for super-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation. According to standard Classification (GOST 24375-80), SHF EMR encompasses electromagnetic fields with frequencies ranging from 30 GHz to 300 GHz, which corresponds to wavelengths in the air of 10–1 mm. Unlike frequency, the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation varies depending on the propagation medium, making the term SHF EMR the most precise choice (Yu.I. Khurgin, 1995; A.Kh. Tambiev, N.N. Kirikova, 2000).

The exploration of new electromagnetic wave ranges was driven by the demands of radio communication, radiolocation, radionavigation, and other traditional engineering fields. In the 1960s in the USSR, work was already underway to master the super-high-frequency band. This culminated in the late 1960s in the coverage of the millimeter range—situated at the intersection of radio waves and optical radiation—using simple and operationally convenient low-power generators known as backward-wave tubes. This was the world's first series of generators that successfully eliminated the final "blank spot" in THE SPECTRUM OF coherent electromagnetic oscillations.

Specific features and the inherent fundamental difficulties that hindered the earlier exploitation of this band were analyzed. In the course of the research, questions arose regarding The impact of SHF EMR on living organisms (Yu.I. Khurgin, 1995). Based on initial studies in 1964, the general systemic response to SHF EMR with an intensity not exceeding 10 mW/cm² was elucidated, and certain Specific features of biological reactions to this radiation were identified in comparison to the centimeter and decimeter wavelength ranges.

Subsequently, experimental work initiated in 1966 under the guidance of N.D. Devyatkov made it possible to determine the fundamental regularities of SHF EMR action on biological objects. Later, reports emerged concerning research in this field by Western scientists (Yu.I. Khurgin, 1995; J.M. Tebo, H.S. Kim, J. Gao, 1998).

The results of numerous experimental studies on microorganisms and laboratory animals, alongside theoretical investigations dedicated to explaining the bioeffects arising from SHF EMR exposure, helped accumulate the necessary Prerequisites for the clinical trials of this physical factor. In 1978, the first experience of using SHF EMR in practical medicine emerged, yielding statistically significant results in accelerating postoperative corneal wound healing as well as the healing of gastric and duodenal ulcers (Yu.I. Khurgin, 1995).

Further research demonstrated that SHF EMR affects fundamental vital processes of living organisms. Both stimulation and inhibition of the proliferation of Prokaryotic Cells—Bacteria, Viruses, and Protozoa—have been observed. A significant increase in the proliferative activity of eukaryotic Bone Marrow stem cells in mice irradiated with SHF EMR was also detected. It has been hypothesized that the suppression and stimulation of Cell Division are associated with The Effect of electromagnetic waves on cellular METABOLISM, as well as on ATP transport and synthesis processes. Furthermore, SHF EMR has been shown to influence the synthesis of certain Enzymes by activating or inhibiting the functional activity of bacterial cell genetic elements.

Irradiating mice and rats with SHF EMR significantly alters their sensitivity to toxic chemical agents and ionizing radiation. For instance, preliminary exposure to SHF EMR prior to the administration of toxic cytostatic drugs or ionizing radiation substantially increases the resistance of the hematopoietic system to these damaging agents and enhances the survival rates of mice and rats. Under The Influence of SHF EMR, the regeneration of damaged Tissues occurs much faster.

A number of papers have been published on the interaction of SHF EMR with biological structures at the microscopic level. It has been demonstrated that SHF EMR induces molecular twisting, leading to the displacement of ions from their stable positions, molecular vibration, and the rotation and reorientation of dipole molecules such as Water. It is suggested that SHF EMR triggers chains of sequential biochemical reactions that alter metabolic and proliferative processes in living cells.

By acting on The Cell's genetic apparatus, millimeter waves stimulate the synthesis of new Proteins. However, this does not induce proteins characteristic of a stress response. SHF EMR modifies the functional state of the cell genomes.

At the same time, it has not been proven that low-intensity SHF EMR induces genetic aberrations that could lead to The Development of malignant neoplasms. The energy of millimeter waves alters the Structural and functional properties of cells by stimulating Hemoglobin efflux from erythrocytes without hemolysis, reducing The formation of Ion Channels and the frequency of their open states, and decreasing the generation of burst discharges in Brain cells (Petrosyan V.I., Gulyaev Yu.V., Zhiteneva E.A., 2001).

It is important to note that when acting on cells in a continuous unmodulated frequency mode, SHF EMR exhibits a greater biological effect than SHF EMR modulated by ultra-low frequencies (<300 Hz).

Exposure of cells to SHF EMR reveals disruptions in the structural and Functional Properties of the membrane, alterations in the function of sodium-potassium ion "pumps," and an increased efflux of Calcium Ions from Neurons. In turn, alterations in the Hydration of calcium ions induced by SHF EMR can also modify cellular Functions (Yashin A.A., 2000).

SHF EMR alters the function of Key Enzymes involved in signal Transduction from The cell membrane to intracellular sites of action for Hormones, growth factors, and cytokines, thereby decreasing or increasing their activity and influencing cell proliferation, DNA Synthesis, and other processes. Thus, SHF EMR exposure resulted in a significant activation of key intracellular enzymes (Yashin A.A., 2000).

Studies on PLANT CELLS AND blue-green Algae have established that SHF EMR can stimulate the synthesis of ATP—the universal energy carrier in living organisms—as well as increase the Synthesis of Other BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES, which is likely due to the activation of The chemical properties of water under the influence of millimeter waves. Investigations into the manifestations of SHF EMR bioeffects, taking into account exposure parameters and conditions, have revealed several distinctive features in the impact of this radiation on biological objects.

The first of these features indicates a frequency dependence of the biological effect. It was found that bioeffects are observed when Living organisms are irradiated within narrow frequency intervals of the electromagnetic field (the criticality of effects to frequency is 0.001–0.01). Furthermore, there are several closely spaced frequencies that correspond to identical or similar biological effects; this phenomenon has been termed the sharp-resonance action effect. The Nature of the sharp-resonance biological action depends on the oscillation frequency: certain resonance frequencies affect specific aspects of biological activity more profoundly, while others affect different aspects.

At various resonance frequencies recorded for a single biological reaction, the nature of changes in another reaction may differ significantly from the first. The values of biologically active frequencies are strictly reproducible. They remain unchanged neither when transitioning from one experimental animal to another nor from one experiment to another.

During amplitude and frequency modulation, the bioeffect can be preserved (and in some cases even enhanced), whereas the average power density of the MMW radiation drops below the level at which a response is observed under unmodulated irradiation.

The second fundamental feature of the biological action of SHF EMR lies in its dependence on the power flux density of this factor (Samosyuk I.Z., 1998).

The response of organisms to EMR—determined by certain biological parameters—remains unaffected by wide variations in power flux density: ranging from the lowest (threshold) value of power flux density up to values that already cause a noticeable (exceeding 0.01 °C) heating of biological objects, the biological effect of EMR remains practically unchanged.

The characteristic values of the threshold power density at which non-thermal effects begin to manifest are 0.05 mW/cm² for bacteria and 9–10 mW/cm² for animals. It has also been established that:

✵ There is a dependence of the biological effect on the duration of SHF EMR exposure; the magnitude of the SHF EMR bioeffect increases monotonically with exposure time, reaching a maximum at an exposure duration of approximately one hour; in a number of cases, obtaining an SHF EMR bioeffect requires multiple exposure sessions or cycles consisting of several sessions. The results of EMR action can be retained by organisms for a long time, but this requires a sufficiently prolonged (tens of minutes), frequently repeated SHF EMR action;

✵ the dependence of the biological effect on the localization and area of SHF EMF irradiation;

✵ an identical bioeffect can be achieved by irradiating various small areas of animals or humans.

Main areas of application for SHF therapy:

✵ pulmonology (chronic non-specific lung and bronchial diseases, including those with bronchial obstruction syndrome, Bronchial Asthma);

✵ immunology (correction of patients' immune status).

Thus, this method has become widely adopted and used across virtually all fields of clinical medicine, yet its primary role remains within internal medicine.

The accumulation of scientific and practical experience in applying SHF therapy across various medical fields continues, which will undoubtedly allow for an even wider application of this promising therapeutic and prophylactic method in the near future.

General contraindications: pigment spots, nevi, and angiomas due to the potential biostimulation by extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation. Relative contraindications: suspected malignant transformation of an ulcer, benign tumors of any localization, Pregnancy, stage II–III cardiopulmonary failure, and stage II–III Hypertension with frequent crises.

Regarding The Use of SHF EMF therapy for acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), no such studies were found in the literature.