BIOCHEMISTRY - V. V. Emelyanov - 2016

SECTION 7. FINAL CONTROL TESTING. EXAMINATION QUESTIONS FOR THE BIOCHEMISTRY COURSE

Sample Final Test Paper

Instructions: Unless otherwise specified in the test question, select the single correct answer.

1. From the given structural formulas, select the formula of an L-amino acid:

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2. Indicate the systematic IUPAC name for acetoacetic acid:

a) 2-oxobutanoic;

b) 3-oxobutanoic;

c) 2-butadienoic;

d) 3-butanedioic.

3. What term is used for the spatial folding of a polypeptide chain stabilized by Hydrogen Bonds:

a) Primary Structure;

b) Secondary structure;

c) tertiary structure;

d) quaternary structure.

4. Choose the property of Enzymes that distinguishes them from non-biological catalysts:

a) enzymes accelerate both forward and reverse reactions equally;

b) the Enzyme Concentration is many times lower than the concentration of the reaction substrate;

c) enzyme activity is regulated by activators and inhibitors;

d) the enzyme is not consumed during the reaction.

5. WHAT IS A coenzyme:

a) the protein part of an enzyme molecule composed of Amino Acids;

b) the non-protein part of an enzyme molecule, often a vitamin derivative;

c) an inhibitor that binds to the Active Site of the enzyme;

d) an activator that binds to the allosteric site of the enzyme.

6. Name the class of enzymes that catalyze group transfer reactions from one compound to another:

a) oxidoreductases;

b) transferases;

c) isomerases;

d) ligases.

7. Indicate the cellular Organelles where the Hydrolysis of Proteins, Polysaccharides, and Lipids takes place:

a) Ribosomes;

b) Lysosomes;

c) Cell/35.html">Mitochondria;

d) Endoplasmic reticulum.

8. Which processes belong to the first (preparatory) stage of Biological Oxidation:

a) hydrolysis of nutrients into monomers;

b) Glycolysis, β-Oxidation of Fatty acids, Deamination of Amino acids;

c) the Krebs cycle and Substrate-Level Phosphorylation Reactions;

d) tissue Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation.

9. How do processes in the mitochondria change during the uncoupling of tissue respiration and oxidative phosphorylation:

a) ATP synthesis increases, oxygen consumption decreases;

b) ATP synthesis decreases, oxygen consumption increases;

c) both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption decrease;

d) both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption increase.

10. Indicate the Biological Role of oxygen utilization for plastic purposes (microsomal oxidation):

a) energy storage in the form of high-energy ATP bonds;

b) detoxification of poisons and synthesis of certain substances;

c) oxidation of macromolecules by free oxygen radicals;

d) neutralization of free oxygen radicals by antioxidant enzymes.

11. From the list below, select the reserve polysaccharide of animal Cells:

a) starch;

b) Glycogen;

c) Cellulose;

d) pectin.

12. Indicate the Products of Anaerobic oxidation of 1 mole of glucose:

a) 2 moles of lactic acid, 2 moles of ATP;

b) 2 moles of pyruvic acid, 2 moles of ATP;

c) 38 moles of lactic acid, 38 moles of ATP;

d) 38 moles of pyruvic acid, 38 moles of ATP.

13. How does a prolonged absence of CARBOHYDRATES in the diet affect The activity of glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis enzymes:

a) glycolysis enzymes are activated, gluconeogenesis enzymes are inhibited;

b) glycolysis enzymes are inhibited, gluconeogenesis enzymes are activated;

c) both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis enzymes are inhibited;

d) both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis enzymes are activated.

14. From the list below, select the classes of lipids that make up Introduction/36.html">Biological Membranes:

a) Fatty acids and triglycerides;

b) triglycerides and Phospholipids;

c) phospholipids and free Cholesterol;

d) cholesterol and its esters.

15. Does the melting point of triglycerides change with an increase in the length of the hydrocarbon radical of their constituent fatty acids:

a) yes, it increases;

b) yes, it decreases;

c) no, it does not change;

d) the pattern has not been studied.

16. How many cycles of β-oxidation are required for the complete Catabolism of oleic acid C₁₇H₃₃COOH:

a) 8;

b) 9;

c) 17;

d) 18.

17. Indicate the products of the AMINO ACID DECARBOXYLATION reaction:

a) Amino Acid and Water;

b) amine and CO₂;

c) amino acid and keto acid;

d) keto acid and ammonia.

18. Which Amino acids are called ketogenic:

a) those containing a keto group;

b) those synthesized from Ketone Bodies;

c) those converted into acetyl-coenzyme A and ketone bodies;

d) those converted into Krebs cycle acids.

19. Indicate the mRNA nucleotide sequence obtained by METABOLISM/31.html">Transcription of the DNA molecule segment AAGCT:

a) UUCGA;

b) GGUAC;

c) TTCGA;

d) CCAGU.

20. Choose the substance that circulates in the Blood and is excreted from the body in the urine as a breakdown product of purine NUCLEOTIDES:

a) ammonia;

b) urea;

c) uric acid;

d) creatinine.

21. What is the Chemical Nature of the Hormones cortisol, estradiol, and testosterone:

a) proteins;

b) Glycoproteins;

c) Amino Acid Derivatives;

d) Steroids.

22. How do the hormones Insulin and adrenaline affect blood glucose concentration:

a) insulin increases it, adrenaline decreases it;

b) insulin decreases it, adrenaline increases it;

c) both insulin and adrenaline increase it;

d) both insulin and adrenaline decrease it.