General Microbiology - Schlegel, H. 1987



Editor's Preface to the Translation

The position of microorganisms in nature

Three kingdoms: animals, plants, and protists

The role of microorganisms in nature

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

The place of microorganisms in nature

Participation in the nutrient cycle

The role of microorganisms in nature

Microorganisms in the service of humanity

General properties of microorganisms

The Cell and Its Structure

Eukaryotic Cell (Eucyte)

Prokaryotic Cell (Protocyte)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Review

Introduction

Taxonomy: A Review of the Prokaryotic System

Prokaryotes. Systematic Review

Gram-Positive Cocci (Group 14)

Prokaryotes: Systematic Review

Gram-negative cocci (groups 10 and 11)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Survey

Non-spore-forming Gram-positive rods (Group 16)

Prokaryotes. Systematic Review

Coryneform bacteria (Group 17)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Survey

Mycobacteria (Group 17)

Prokaryotes. Systematic Review

Actinomycetes in the strict sense (Group 17)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Survey

Endospore-Forming Rods and Cocci (Group 15)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Review

Pseudomonads and other Gram-negative rods (groups 7, 12, and 3)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Survey

Gram-Negative Facultatively Anaerobic Rods (Group 8)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Review

Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria (Group 9)

Prokaryotes. Systematic Review

Methanogenic Bacteria and Other Archaebacteria (Group 13)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Survey

Curved Rods: Spirilla and Vibrios (Groups 6 and 9)

Prokaryotes. Systematic Review

Spirochetes (Group 5)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Review

Gliding Bacteria (Group 2)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Survey

Budding and Appendaged Bacteria (Group 4)

Obligate Intracellular Parasites (Group 18)

Prokaryotes: A Taxonomic Survey

Mycoplasmas (Group 19)

Prokaryotes. Systematic Overview

Anaerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (Group 1)

Prokaryotes: A Systematic Review

Aerobic Oxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria (Cyanobacteria)

Viruses: Distribution and Structure

Viruses

Bacterial Viruses (Bacteriophages)

The Relationship of Viruses and Plasmids to Tumor Formation (Oncogenesis)

Fungi

Acrasids (cellular slime molds)

Myxomycetes (true slime molds)

Phycomycetes (Lower Fungi)

Ascomycetes (Sac Fungi)

Basidiomycetes

Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycetes)

Microbial Growth

Microbial Nutrition

Culture Media and Growth Conditions

Microbial growth

Nutritional types

Elective cultivation methods

Microbial Growth

Physiology of Growth

Inhibition of Growth and Destruction of Microorganisms by Various Agents

Basic mechanisms of metabolism and energy transformation

Key general concepts

Main mechanisms of metabolism and energy transformation

Pathways of hexose catabolism

Tricarboxylic acid cycle

Basic mechanisms of metabolism and energy conversion

Respiratory chain and electron transport-coupled phosphorylation

Ancillary cycles and gluconeogenesis

Biosynthesis of certain low-molecular-weight substances

Fundamental mechanisms of metabolism and energy conversion

Nutrient uptake by cells

Types of Fermentation

Types of fermentation

Alcoholic fermentation caused by yeasts and bacteria

Types of Fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation and the Family Lactobacillaceae

Types of fermentation

Propionic acid fermentation and propionic acid bacteria

Formic acid fermentation and the family Enterobacteriaceae

Butyric acid and acetone-butanol fermentation; Clostridia

Types of Fermentation

Homoacetic fermentation. CO2 as a hydrogen acceptor

Fermentable and Non-Fermentable Natural Compounds

Electron transport under anaerobic conditions

Denitrification and nitrate reduction

Hydrogen sulfide production via sulfate reduction

Hydrogen sulfide production during sulfur reduction

Methane formation via carbonate reduction

Acetate formation during carbonate reduction

Succinate formation via fumarate reduction

Reduction of Fe (III) ions to Fe (II)

Incomplete oxidations

Acetic acid production and acetic acid bacteria

Formation of other organic acids

Transformation of substances by microorganisms

Incomplete Oxidations

Formation of Secondary Metabolites

Utilization of inorganic hydrogen donors: aerobic chemolithotrophic bacteria

Oxidation of ammonia and nitrite (nitrification)

Oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds

Oxidation of ferrous iron

Oxidation of molecular hydrogen

CO2 fixation

Phototrophic bacteria and photosynthesis

Purple and green bacteria

Primary processes of photosynthesis

Phototrophic Bacteria and Photosynthesis

Utilization of Light Energy by Halobacteria

Molecular nitrogen fixation

Nitrogen fixation by symbiotic bacteria

Nitrogen fixation by free-living bacteria

Biochemistry of nitrogen fixation

Degradation of natural substances

Cellulose

Decomposition of Natural Substances

Xylan

Degradation of natural substances

Starch and other glucans

Decomposition of natural substances

Fructans

Degradation of Natural Substances

Mannans

Pectins

Degradation of natural substances

Agar

Degradation of Natural Substances

Chitin

Lignin

Decomposition of natural substances

Humus formation

Hydrocarbons

Proteins

Constancy, variation, and transmission of traits

Protein synthesis and the genetic code

Mutations and their origin

Transmission of traits and genetic recombination

Regulation of Metabolism

Metabolism regulation

Regulation of enzyme synthesis

Regulation of Metabolism

Regulation by altering the catalytic activity of enzymes

Mutants with Impaired Regulation

Microorganisms and the Environment

Microbial Ecology

Microorganisms as Symbiotic Partners

Microorganisms and the Geological History of the Earth

Evolution of Microorganisms

References