GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY - T.P. Pyrog - 2004

11. BASIC MECHANISMS OF METABOLISM AND ENERGY CONVERSION IN MICROORGANISMS

Review Questions for Chapter 11

1. What is METABOLISM? What stages can cellular material transformations be divided into?

2. Define THE CONCEPT OF "Energy Metabolism". In what processes does ATP participate? What is the relationship between energy metabolism and reducing equivalents?

3. What specific features are characteristic of microbial Enzymes?

4. What enzymes function in microorganisms? Give Examples of reactions.

5. Characterize the PATHWAYS OF GLUCOSE Catabolism. Which of them function exclusively in microorganisms? Why is the ED pathway rarely found in anaerobes? Why is the Pentose Phosphate Pathway not the primary route of Glucose Catabolism?

6. What Key Enzymes are characteristic of each of the known glucose catabolism pathways?

7. How does the catabolism of CARBOHYDRATES other than glucose occur? Why are phosphorylases more economically efficient for disaccharide Cleavage than the corresponding Hydrolases?

8. In what reactions can Pyruvate oxidation take place? In which microorganisms do these reactions function, and why?

9. Name the Main Functions of The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle within The Cell. Why are anaplerotic reactions necessary?

10. Characterize the Components of the Respiratory Chain. Why are Flavoproteins located at the beginning of the Respiratory Chain and Cytochromes at the end?

11. How is the energy of the proton motive force generated? For the realization of which cellular processes is the energy of the proton motive force required?

12. In what forms can energy exist within the cell? Name the Mechanisms for the synthesis of these two forms of energy.

13. How does aerobic Respiration differ from Anaerobic respiration?

14. How does Active Transport differ from passive and Facilitated Diffusion?

15. How does active substrate transport into the cell differ from group translocation? Why is substrate transport via group translocation characteristic primarily of anaerobes and facultative anaerobes?

16. What are the differences between ΔμΗ-dependent and ATP-dependent mechanisms of active transport?

17. What mechanism is utilized for iron transport in microorganisms?



Last update: 12/08/2026

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