Fundamentals of Biochemistry - A. A. Anisimov 1986



Foreword

Introduction

General Biochemical Characteristics of Living Organisms

Chemical Composition of Living Organisms

Main Features of Metabolic Processes

General biochemical characteristics of living organisms

Energy sources for living organisms, high-energy compounds

Proteins

General Characteristics

Amino Acids

Physicochemical Properties of Proteins

Structure of the Protein Molecule

Classification, Characteristics, and Representatives

Enzymes

General and Specific Properties of Enzymes

General principles of enzyme structure

Active site

Structure and Functions of Individual Coenzymes and Prosthetic Groups

Mechanism of Enzymatic Catalysis

Types of Enzymatic Reactions

Kinetics of Enzymatic Reactions

Multiple molecular forms of enzymes and isozymes

Enzyme localization and their comparative activity in individual organs and tissues

Classification and Nomenclature of Enzymes

Enzymes in Industry, Medicine, and Agriculture

Nucleic Acids

Discovery of Nucleic Acids and Their Biological Role

General structural characteristics of nucleic acids

Deoxyribonucleic Acids

Ribonucleic Acids

Biosynthesis of Nucleotides

Enzymes for the Synthesis and Transformation of Nucleic Acids

DNA Synthesis

RNA Synthesis

Genetic Engineering

Protein and Amino Acid Metabolism

Fixation of Atmospheric Molecular Nitrogen

Amino Acid Biosynthesis

Protein Synthesis

Regulation of Protein Biosynthesis

Structure of antibodies and the mechanism of their formation

Protein Catabolism

Alkaloids

Carbohydrates

Structure, classification, and role in living nature

Monosaccharides

Oligosaccharides (First-order polysaccharides)

Secondary Polysaccharides (Glycans)

Carbohydrate formation in photosynthesis and chemosynthesis

Carbohydrate interconversions, enzymatic synthesis, and degradation

Carbohydrate digestion and metabolism

Regulation of Blood Glucose Homeostasis

Carbohydrate transformations associated with respiration and fermentation

Gluconeogenesis

Biological Oxidation and Bioenergetics

The Development of the Theory of Biological Oxidation

Mitochondria as Intracellular Centers of Aerobic Respiration

Oxidative Phosphorylation

Pathways of Energy Utilization in the Cell

Regulatory Heat Production and Free Oxidation. Oxygenases and Oxidases

Regulation of Energy Metabolism

Lipids

General Characteristics and Classification

Neutral Fats and Fatty Acids

Phospholipids

Glycolipids

Steroids

Waxes

Terpenes

Biomembranes

Membrane Structure

Membrane Functions

Vitamins

General Characteristics

Fat-soluble vitamins

Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin-like substances, vitamin interactions, antivitamins

Water and Salt Metabolism

Maintaining dissolved solute concentrations is an essential condition for life

Water-Salt Metabolism

Content and role of water in the body, water metabolism

Water and Salt Metabolism

Mineral Substances

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism

Metabolism as a Unified System of Processes

Levels and Principles of Metabolic Regulation

Cyclic Nucleotides

Prostaglandins

Regulation of Metabolism via the Enzymatic Apparatus

Human and Animal Hormones

Phytohormones and Features of Metabolic Regulation in Plants

Recommended Reading