Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity - Volkov, N. I., & Nesen, E. N. 2000



List of Abbreviations

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Introduction to Biochemistry

Subject and Research Methods of Biochemistry

Chemical Structure of the Human Body

Transformation of Macromolecules

Metabolism in the Organism

Metabolism is an essential condition for the existence of a living organism

Metabolism in the Body

Catabolic and anabolic reactions: two sides of metabolism

Types of Metabolism

Stages of Nutrient Breakdown and Energy Extraction in Cells

Cellular Structures and Their Role in Metabolism

Regulation of Metabolism

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Activity

Energy Metabolism in the Organism

Energy Sources

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

ATP is the universal source of energy in the organism

Energy Metabolism in the Body

Biological oxidation as the primary pathway of energy production in body cells

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Processes

Mitochondria: The Powerhouses of the Cell

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

The Citric Acid Cycle as the Central Pathway of Aerobic Nutrient Oxidation

Respiratory Chain

Oxidative phosphorylation is the main mechanism of ATP synthesis

Regulation of ATP Metabolism

Biochemical Foundations of Human Body Vital Activity

Water and Mineral Metabolism

Water and Its Role in the Body

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Activity

Water Balance and Its Changes During Muscular Activity

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Minerals and Their Role in the Organism

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Activity

Mineral Metabolism During Muscular Activity

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Acid-Base Balance of the Body

Acid-Base Balance of the Organism

Mechanisms of Substance Transport

Acid-Base Balance of the Body

Acid-Base Balance of the Body's Internal Environment

Buffer systems and their role in maintaining stable environmental pH

Enzymes — Biological Catalysts

General Overview of Enzymes

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Structure of Enzymes and Coenzymes

Multiple Forms of Enzymes

Enzymes — biological catalysts

Properties of Enzymes

Enzymes: Biological Catalysts

Mechanism of Enzyme Action

Biochemical Basis of Human Body Functioning

Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Activity

Enzymes - Biological Catalysts

Classification of Enzymes

Biochemical Basis of Human Vital Activity

Vitamins

General Overview of Vitamins

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Classification of Vitamins

Characteristics of Fat-Soluble Vitamins

Characteristics of Water-Soluble Vitamins

Vitamin-like compounds

Hormones as Metabolic Regulators

General Concept of Hormones

Biochemical Foundations of Human Body Functioning

Hormones as Regulators of Metabolism

Properties of Hormones

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Chemical Nature of Hormones

Hormones as Metabolic Regulators

Regulation of Hormone Biosynthesis

Mechanism of Hormone Action

Hormones as Regulators of Metabolism

Biological Role of Hormones

Hormones as Metabolic Regulators

The Role of Hormones in Muscular Activity

Biochemistry of Carbohydrates

Chemical Composition and Biological Role of Carbohydrates

Characteristics of Carbohydrate Classes

Carbohydrate Metabolism in the Human Body

Carbohydrate digestion and absorption into the bloodstream

Blood Glucose Level and Its Regulation

Intracellular Carbohydrate Metabolism

Carbohydrate Biochemistry

Carbohydrate Metabolism During Muscular Activity

Lipid Biochemistry

Chemical Composition and Biological Role of Lipids

Biochemistry of Lipids

Characteristics of Lipid Classes

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Activity

Fat Metabolism in the Body

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Fat Digestion and Absorption

Intracellular Fat Metabolism

Regulation of Lipid Metabolism

Disorders of Lipid Metabolism

Lipid Metabolism During Muscular Activity

Biochemistry of Nucleic Acids

Chemical Structure of Nucleic Acids

Biochemical Foundations of Human Life Activity

Structure, Properties, and Biological Role of DNA

Biochemical Foundations of Human Vital Activity

Structure, Properties, and Biological Role of RNA

Nucleic Acid Biochemistry

Nucleic Acid Metabolism

Biochemistry of Proteins

Chemical Composition and Biological Role of Proteins

Amino Acids

Structural Organization of Proteins

Properties of Proteins

Characteristics of Specific Proteins Involved in Ensuring Muscular Activity

Protein Biochemistry

Free Peptides and Their Role in the Organism

Biochemistry of Proteins

Protein Metabolism in the Body

Protein Biochemistry

Protein Digestion and Amino Acid Absorption

Biochemistry of Proteins

Protein Biosynthesis and Its Regulation

Intratissue Protein Breakdown

Protein Biochemistry

Intracellular Amino Acid Transformation and Urea Synthesis

Biochemistry of Proteins

Protein Metabolism during Muscular Activity

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism as the Biochemical Basis of Adaptation Processes

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism: The Biochemical Basis of Adaptation Processes

Interconversion of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins

Integration and Regulation of Metabolism as the Biochemical Basis of Adaptation Processes

Regulatory Systems of Metabolism and Their Role in the Adaptation of the Organism to Physical Exertion

The Role of Individual Tissues in the Integration of Intermediary Metabolism

Biochemistry of Sports

Biochemistry of Muscle and Muscle Contraction

Types of Muscles and Muscle Fibers

Structural Organization of Muscle Fibers

Chemical Composition of Muscle Tissue

Biochemistry of Muscle and Muscular Contraction

Structural and Biochemical Changes in Muscles during Contraction and Relaxation

Biochemistry of Muscle and Muscle Contraction

Molecular Mechanism of Muscle Contraction

Bioenergetics of Muscular Activity

General Characteristics of Energy Production Mechanisms

Creatine Phosphokinase Mechanism of ATP Resynthesis

Glycolytic Mechanism of ATP Resynthesis

Sports Biochemistry

Myokinase Mechanism of ATP Resynthesis

Biochemistry of Sports

Aerobic Mechanism of ATP Resynthesis

Activation of Energy Systems under Various Physical Loads and Their Adaptation during Training

Biochemical Changes in the Body During Exercise of Varying Power and Duration

General Trends in Biochemical Process Alterations During Muscular Activity

Biochemical Changes in the Body During Exercise of Various Intensity and Duration

Oxygen Transport to Working Muscles and Its Consumption During Muscular Activity

Biochemical changes in the body during exercise of varying intensity and duration

Biochemical changes in individual organs and tissues during muscular work

Classification of physical exercises according to the nature of biochemical changes during muscular work

Biochemical Factors of Fatigue

Biochemical factors of fatigue during short-term exercises of maximal and submaximal power

Biochemical factors of fatigue during prolonged high- and moderate-intensity exercise

Biochemical Characteristics of Recovery Processes During Muscular Activity

Dynamics of Biochemical Recovery Processes After Muscular Work

Biochemical Characteristics of Recovery Processes during Muscular Activity

Sequence of Recovery of Energy Reserves after Muscular Work

Biochemical Characteristics of Recovery Processes During Muscular Activity

Elimination of Metabolic Waste Products During the Rest Period Following Muscular Work

Utilizing the Patterns of Recovery Processes in Structuring Sports Training

Biochemical Factors of Athletic Performance

Factors Limiting Human Physical Performance

Indicators of Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance in Athletes

The Impact of Training on Athletes' Performance

Age and Athletic Performance

Biochemical foundations of athletes' speed and strength qualities and methods for their development

Biochemical characteristics of speed and strength qualities

Biochemical Foundations of Athletes' Speed-Strength Qualities and Methods of Their Development

Biochemical Foundations of Athletes' Speed-Strength Training Methods

Sports Biochemistry

Biochemical Foundations of Athletes' Endurance

Biochemical Factors of Endurance

Biochemistry of Sports

Training Methods Promoting Endurance Development

Regularities of Biochemical Adaptation in the Process of Athletic Training

Physical Exertion, Adaptation, and Training Effect

Regularities of Biochemical Adaptation in the Process of Sports Training

Regularities of the Development of Biochemical Adaptation and Training Principles

Specificity of Adaptive Changes in the Body During Training

Reversibility of Adaptation Changes during Training

Patterns of Biochemical Adaptation in Sports Training

Sequence of Adaptive Changes During Training

Regularities of Biochemical Adaptation in the Process of Athletic Training

Interaction of Training Effects in the Course of Training

Cyclical Nature of Adaptation Development in the Training Process

Biochemical Foundations of Athletes' Rational Nutrition

Biochemical Foundations of Rational Nutrition for Athletes

Principles of Rational Nutrition for Athletes

Energy Consumption of the Organism and Its Dependence on the Performed Work

Balance of Nutrients in an Athlete's Diet

Biochemical Foundations of Athletes' Rational Nutrition

The role of individual dietary chemical components in supporting muscular activity

Dietary Supplements and Weight Management

Biochemical Control in Sports

Objectives, Types, and Organization of Biochemical Control

Objects of Study and Key Biochemical Indicators

Main biochemical parameters of blood and urine composition, and their changes during muscular activity

Biochemical Control of the Development of the Body's Energy Supply Systems During Muscular Activity

Biochemical Monitoring of Training Status, Fatigue, and Recovery in Athletes

Anti-Doping Control in Sports

Glossary of Terms

Units of Measurement