Orthopedics - Oleksa A.P. 2006

Tumor-like lesions and bone tumors
Etiology

There are many theories regarding tumorigenesis, yet the true Etiology of PRIMARY Bone tumors remains elusive. Observations indicate that bone tumors typically develop in areas of rapid growth and heightened metabolic activity; consequently, the recent increase in the incidence of bone tumors is often attributed to population acceleration (Trapeznikov M.M., 1981).

Due to impaired Embryogenesis, certain skeletal regions lag or are delayed in their development. They differ from normal Tissues in their Blood supply, innervation, metabolic processes, and other physiological conditions. Under some circumstances, these dysplastic foci adapt and persist within the Organism for many years, gradually acquiring The properties of mature tissue (for instance, the ossification of cartilaginous foci in Ollier's disease); under others, they function autonomously. Losing their connection with the main (osseous) tissue, these foci develop and acquire new properties and structures. Furthermore, embryonic tissue is highly sensitive to various environmental Carcinogenic Factors that can affect dysplastic foci and thereby promote the tumor process.

According to Volkov M.V. et al. (1968), mechanical trauma may serve not only as a catalyst revealing a previously occult tumor, but also as a factor that triggers the autonomous growth of undifferentiated Cells within the body. Among children treated at the CITO for osteogenic Sarcoma, 50% had a history of trauma.

Widely accepted is the carcinogenic theory (Shabad L.M., 1957), which explains tumorigenesis As a result of exogenous blastomogenic factors (such as ionizing radiation, osteotropic chemical and physical agents, radioactive strontium, etc.), as well as endogenous substances, particularly Metabolic waste products of the organism.