MEDICAL BIOLOGY, HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY - Ya.I. Fedoniuk 2010

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY

SECTION 3. ANATOMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BODY FUNCTION SELF-REGULATION

THE BRAIN

2. Hindbrain

The Pons and Cerebellum develop from the hindbrain.

2.1. PONS

The pons is bordered posteriorly by the Medulla Oblongata and anteriorly by the cerebral peduncles. The middle cerebellar peduncles extend from its lateral parts (Fig. 3.12). The basilar sulcus, which houses the Basilar artery of the same name, is located on the ventral surface of the pons. The Gray matter of the ventral surface forms the pontine nuclei. The dorsal surface of the pons forms the upper (anterior) part of the floor of the Fourth ventricle (Rhomboid fossa). The dorsal part of the pons contains the superior olivary nuclei, the nuclei of Cranial Nerves V–VIII, and the reticular formation. The processes of the Cells of the cranial nerve nuclei emerge at the Base of the Brain laterally from the pons and posteriorly at the border with the cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The White matter OF the pons consists of ascending and descending fiber systems.