Human Anatomy - Kotsan I. Y. 2009

Central nervous system. Spinal cord
Blood vessels of the spinal cord

The Spinal Cord receives branches from the vertebral Arteries (from the Subclavian Artery), the deep cervical artery (from the costocervical trunk), as well as from the posterior intercostal, lumbar, and lateral sacral arteries.

The spinal cord is accompanied by three long longitudinal arterial vessels: the anterior and two posterior spinal arteries. The anterior spinal artery lies along the anterior median fissure of the spinal cord. It is formed by the union of branches from the right and left vertebral arteries. The posterior spinal artery is paired. Each artery runs along the posterior surface of the spinal cord near the entry points of the posterior roots. These three arteries extend to the lower end of the spinal cord, receiving anastomoses from the spinal branches (Branches of the posterior intercostal, lumbar, and lateral sacral arteries) that enter the vertebral canal through the intervertebral foramina. The anterior and posterior spinal arteries communicate extensively On the surface of the spinal cord via numerous anastomoses and send fine branches into the substance of the cord.

The Veins OF THE spinal cord generally parallel the arteries and ultimately drain into the internal vertebral venous plexus.

Main Latin Terms

Spinal cord — medulla spinalis

Medullary cone — conus medullaris

Terminal filum — filum terminale

Cervical enlargement — intumescentia cervicalis

Lumbosacral enlargement — intumescentia lumbosacralis

Anterior median fissure — fissura mediana anterior

Anterior median septum — septum medianum ventrale

Posterior median sulcus — sulcus medianus posterior

Posterior median septum — septum medianum dorsale

Central canal — canalis centralis

Terminal ventricle — ventriculus terminalis

Anterolateral sulcus — sulcus lateralis anterior

Central gelatinous substance — substantia gelatinosa centralis

Posterolateral sulcus — sulcus lateralis posterior

Posterior intermediate sulcus — sulcus intermedius posterior

Anterior intermediate sulcus — sulcus intermedius anterior

Anterior ROOT — radix anterior

Posterior root — radix posterior

Spinal ganglion — ganglion spinale

Spinal nerve — nervus spinalis

Spinal cord segment — segmentum medulla spinalis

Cervical segments — segmenta cervicalia

Thoracic segments — segmenta thoracica

Lumbar segments — segmenta lumbalia

Sacral segments — segmenta sacralia

Coccygeal segment — segmentum coccygeum

Grey matter — substantia grisea

Anterior Column — columna anterior

Posterior column — columna posterior

Lateral column — columna lateralis

Anterior horn — cornu anterius

Posterior horn — cornu posterius

Lateral horn — cornu lateralis

Anterolateral Nucleus — nucleus anterolateralis

Posterolateral nucleus — nucleus posterolateralis

Retroposterolateral nucleus — nucleus retroposterolateralis

Anteromedial nucleus — nucleus anteromedialis

Posteromedial nucleus — nucleus posteromedialis

Phrenic nerve nucleus — nucleus nervi phrenici

Central nucleus — nucleus centralis

Accessory nerve nucleus — nucleus nervi accessorii

Proper nuclei — nuclei proprii

Thoracic nucleus — nucleus thoracicus

Central intermediate (grey) substance — substantia (grisea) intermedia centralis

Lateral intermediate (grey) substance — substantia (grisea) intermedia lateralis

Reticular formation — formatio reticularis

White matter — substantia alba

Anterior funiculus — funiculus anterior

Posterior funiculus — funiculus posterior

Lateral funiculus — funiculus lateralis

Anterior white commissure — commissura alba

Anterior corticospinal (pyramidal) tract — tractus corticospinalis (pyramidalis) anterior

Anterior reticulospinal tract — tractus reticulospinalis anterior

Anterior spinothalamic tract — tractus spinothalamicus anterior

Tectospinal tract — tractus tectospinalis

Posterior longitudinal fasciculus — fasciculus longitudinalis dorsalis

Vestibulospinal tract — tractus vestibulospinalis

Posterior spinocerebellar tract — tractus spinocerebellaris posterior

Anterior spinocerebellar tract — tractus spinocerebellaris anterior

Lateral spinothalamic tract — tractus spinothalamicus lateralis

Rubrospinal tract — tractus rubrospinalis

Lateral corticospinal (pyramidal) tract — tractus

corticospinalis (pyramidalis) lateralis

Gracile fasciculus — fasciculus gracilis

Cuneate fasciculus — fasciculus cuneatus

Spinal dura mater — dura mater spinalis

Epidural (peridural) space — spatium epidurale (peridurale)

Spinal arachnoid mater — arachnoidea mater spinalis

Subdural space — spatium subdurale

Subarachnoid space — spatium subarachnoideum

Spinal pia mater — pia mater spinalis

Denticulate ligament — ligamentum denticulatum