PRACTICAL WORKSHOP ON HISTOLOGY, CYTOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY - 2016

Chapter 5. SPECIAL HISTOLOGY

Digestive system

Slide 106. Duodenum.

Staining: hematoxylin and eosin.

Magnification: x80.

The General structural plan of this organ corresponds to that of other PARTS OF THE gastrointestinal tract, namely: mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, and serosa.

The mucous membrane features villi (1) — finger-like projections of the lamina propria covered with simple columnar epithelium (2). The core of the villus consists of stroma (3), a loose Connective Tissue containing Blood and Lymphatic microvessels (4), nerve endings, and small bundles of smooth myocytes. The epithelium extends into invaginations known as crypts (intestinal glands) (5). Among the epithelial Cells of the crypts, brush border enterocytes (6) are most frequently observed, while goblet cells (7) and endocrinocytes are less common. A cross-section through a villus and its structures is shown separately.

Beneath the lamina propria lies the muscularis mucosae (8). This is followed by the submucosa, which contains the terminal portions of duodenal (Brunner's) glands appearing as large clusters (9). These are compound branched tubular glands with a mucous-protein secretion. Their excretory ducts open at the Base of the crypts.

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Slide 106. Duodenum.



Last update: 07/08/2026

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