MEDICAL BOTANY - A.G. Serbin - 2003
SECTION 4. ECOLOGY, PHYTOCENOLOGY, PHYTOGEOGRAPHY
SELF-TEST QUESTIONS
1. What is The Scope of plant ecology?
2. What are the main groups of environmental factors?
3. Name and characterize the primary abiogenic factors.
4. What are the main ecological groups of plants based on their habitat moisture requirements? List the morphological and Anatomical Features of each group.
5. How does Temperature affect the development, Morphology, and anatomy of plants? Give Examples of thermophiles and cryophiles.
6. What plant groups are distinguished by their light intensity requirements? Provide examples of representatives from these groups.
7. What is Photoperiodism?
8. How does The chemical composition of air affect plant activity?
9. How do plants adapt to air currents? Give examples of the positive effects of wind.
10. Describe METABOLISM/18.html">The Influence of edaphic factors on plant development.
11. List the main ecological groups of plants based on soil composition.
12. How does topography affect vegetation?
13. Which environmental factors are classified as biotic factors?
14. Characterize the manifestations of zoogenic factors with examples.
15. How are phytogenic factors classified depending on The Nature of plant interactions?
16. Characterize the anthropogenic factor.
17. What is plant Introduction? What is its impact on flora and landscape?
18. What is The Significance of geological and historical factors?
19. How are environmental factors interrelated and mutually influential?
Elements of phytocenology
1. What is the subject of study in phytocenology?
2. Name the scientists who made significant contributions to The Development of phytocenology.
3. Define the following concepts: "phytocoenosis", "biocoenosis", "biogeocoenosis". Give examples of phytocoenoses.
4. What features characterize the Composition and Structure of phytocoenoses?
5. Characterize the aboveground and underground stratification (tiering) in a herbaceous community. Give an example of a multi-tiered phytocoenosis.
6. What cultivated phytocoenoses do you know?
7. Give examples of aspect changes in a phytocoenosis.
8. What is meant by the dynamism (mobility) of a phytocoenosis?
9. Give examples of medicinal plants dominating certain phytocoenoses — in forests, meadows, swamps, fields, and gardens.
10. What is the economic significance of phytocoenoses?
11. Provide a detailed Classification of phytocoenoses.
12. Define the concepts: "association", "association group".
13. Which species is referred to as dominant?
14. What does a formation unite? Give examples of formations and formation groups.
15. List the Types of Vegetation on Earth.
16. Define THE CONCEPT OF "agrophytocoenosis". Give examples of simple and complex agrophytocoenoses.
1. What does botanical geography study?
2. Define the concept of "range" (area), and indicate the types of ranges.
3. What do the phenomena of endemism and cosmopolitanism represent?
4. Name several ranges that differ in shape and species composition.
5. Define the concepts: "flora", "vegetation", "landscape".
6. List the types of biomes — the Earth's vegetation cover.
7. Which factor plays the primary role in The formation of the vegetation cover?
8. Characterize tropical rain forests. Give examples of plants.
9. How does a deciduous tropical forest differ from a rain forest? Give examples of plants found in deciduous forests.
10. Characterize the climatic conditions and vegetation of subtropical forests.
11. In which countries do hard-leaved forests occur?
12. Give examples of vegetation found in steppes, prairies, and pampas.
13. Why are meadows considered azonal in nature? What types of meadows do you know?
14. Characterize the climatic conditions and types of deserts. Name the plants typical of cold arctic and alpine deserts.
15. Specify the climatic regions occupied by summer-green mixed forests. What medicinal plants are characteristic of them?
16. List the morphological and physiological adaptations of plants in winter-green coniferous forests.
17. What accounts for the specific MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF tundra plants?
18. What is the wandering type of vegetation?
19. Give examples of plant species found in sphagnum bogs.
20. Which scientist was the first to define the boundaries of floristic kingdoms? Do these boundaries change, and if so, why?
21. List the floristic Regions of the Earth.
22. Which families predominate in the Holarctic realm? Give examples of medicinal plants.
23. Name the climatic conditions and vegetation characteristic of the Paleotropical realm.
24. List the endemic species of the Neotropical realm.
25. Where is the Cape Floristic Region located, and which plant families predominate there?
26. For what plant species is the Australian realm famous?
27. Which region is characterized primarily by Lichens and wetland vegetation?
28. How does human activity affect the Geographical Distribution of plants?
29. Name the regions of the globe that are most richly endowed with diverse plant life.
30. Define The concepts of "introduction", "acclimatization", and "naturalization".
31. Name the native regions of vital economic plants: potato, maize, wheat, rye, pea, mustard, rice, tomato, cucumber, cotton, cabbage, carrot, apricot, almond, coffee, and castor bean.
1. Give examples of "endangered species", "rare species", and "protected species".
2. List the organizations and institutions that regulate and monitor environmental protection activities of states and the international community.
3. What information regarding plants is entered into national Red Data Books?
4. Give examples of plants included in the IUCN Red List that are extremely rare and require special protection.
5. What environmental protection regulations and legal documents do you know?
6. What initiatives and activities carried out by organizations, institutions, and individuals contribute to the conservation and restoration of rare, valuable, endangered, and relict species?
Last update: 07/08/2026
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