Fundamentals of Molecular Biology - V.I. Rezyapkin 2009
Genome Organization
“The Genome is the complete set of genetic material responsible for transmitting hereditary information from a parent biological entity to its progeny, which forms the basis for Structural and functional similarities among related biological objects. The primary carrier of Genetic information is the DNA molecule, and to a lesser extent, RNA (in RNA Viruses).
The TRANSMISSION OF TRAITS across generations can also occur via protein structures, such as Prions.”
A.V. Romaniuk
The genome sizes of various living organisms vary significantly. As a general rule, an increase in biological complexity is accompanied by an increase in Genome Size (see table).
Table 11.1
Class="center">Genome Sizes
|
Haploid genome size in bp |
|
|
Viruses |
3*104 - 106 |
|
105 - 107 |
|
|
2*107 - 5*107 |
|
|
5*107 - 7*107 |
|
|
Worms |
~108 |
|
5*108 - 5*109 |
|
|
Insects |
10-5*10 |
|
Crustaceans |
~ 109 |
|
2*108 - 2*109 |
|
|
Fish |
3*108 - 1010 |
|
Amphibians |
7*108-7*10 |
|
Reptiles |
2*109 - 3*109 |
|
Birds |
~109 |
|
Mammals |
~3*109 |
|
Flowering plants |
2*108 - 1011 |
Last update: 12/08/2026
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