Anatomy of the Vessels and Nerves of the Head and Neck (Angioneurology) - Chornokulskyi S.T. 2009

Nerves of the Head and Neck
Oculomotor nerve

[III] (n. oculomotorius) Fig. 27, 28, 32

Nuclei:

somatic motor — nuc. n. oculomotorii,

parasympathetic — nuc. accessorius n.oculomotorii (Edinger-Westphal / Yakubovich-Edinger-Westphal Nucleus) and nuc. impar (Perlia's nucleus). The nuclei are located beneath the ventral wall of the cerebral aqueduct at the level of the superior colliculi of the lamina tecti.

The nerve ROOT and the nerve itself are formed by the axons of somatic motor and parasympathetic Neurons. The nerve emerges anterior to the Pons and medial to the cerebral peduncle, courses forward, piercing the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus and the superior orbital fissure. Before entering the Orbit, the nerve divides into two branches: the superior branch (ramus superior), which innervates the m. rectus superior and m. levator palpebrae superioris, and the inferior branch, which, In addition to somatic motor fibers, contains preganglionic parasympathetic fibers and gives off the branch to the ciliary ganglion (ramus ad ganglion ciliare). This branch forms the parasympathetic root (radix parasympathica) of the ciliary ganglion, where its fibers synapse onto postganglionic neurons. The inferior branch innervates the inferior and medial rectus Muscles, as well as the inferior oblique Muscle of the eye.

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Fig. 32. Oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves:

1 - lamina tecti of the Midbrain (lamina tecti mesencephali);

2 - cerebral peduncle (pedunculus cerebri);

3 - cerebral aqueduct (aqueductus cerebri);

4 - Fourth ventricle (venrriculus quartus);

5 - pons (pons);

6 - Cerebellum (cerebellum);

7 - Medulla Oblongata (medulla oblongata);

8 - superior orbital fissure (fissura orbitalis superior);

9 - levator palpebrae superioris muscle (m. levator palpebrae superioris);

10 - superior rectus muscle (m. rectus superior);

11 - superior oblique muscle (m. obliquus superior);

12 - medial rectus muscle (m. rectus media lis);

13 - inferior oblique muscle (m. obliquus inferior);

14 - inferior rectus muscle (m. rectus inferior);

15 - lateral rectus muscle (m. rectus lateralis);

16 - sphincter pupillae muscle (m. sphincter pupillae);

17 - ciliary muscle (m. ciliaris);

18 - oculomotor nucleus (nuc. nervi oculomotorii);

19 - accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve (nuc. accessorius nervi oculomotorii) and unpaired median nucleus (nucleus impar);

20 - Trochlear nerve nucleus (nucleus nervi trochlearis);

21 - abducent nerve nucleus (nuc. n. abducentis);

22 - superior branch of oculomotor nerve (ramus superior n. oculomotorii);

23 - inferior branch of oculomotor nerve (ramus inferior n. oculomotorii);

24 - preganglionic parasympathetic fibers;

25 - ciliary ganglion (ganglion ciliare);

26 - postganglionic parasympathetic fibers