Plant Physiology - Lecture Notes - O. M. Tarnopilska 2019
1. Fundamentals of Plant Physiology
1.1 Concept of Plant Physiology and Its Connection with Other Sciences
1.2 Subject, Purpose, and Tasks of Plant Physiology
1.3 Modern Trends in Plant Physiology
1.4 Methods of Plant Physiology
1.5 History of the Development of Plant Physiology as a Science
2. Structural Components of the Plant Cell
2.1 Structural and Functional Organization of the Plant Cell
2.2 Symbiotic Theory of the Origin of Mitochondria and Chloroplasts
2.3 General Concepts of Microscopic and Submicroscopic Cell Structure
2.4 Cell Wall, Its Structure and Functions
2.6 Structure and Functions of Membranes in the Plant Cell
2.8 Biochemical Composition of the Plant Organism
2.9 General Characteristics of Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids
2.10 The Role of Enzymes in Cellular Activity
3. Water metabolism in plants. Diffusion, osmosis, chemical and water potentials, osmotic pressure
3.1 The role of water in plant life activity
3. Water Exchange in Plants. Diffusion, osmosis, chemical and water potentials, osmotic pressure
3.3 Forms of Water in the Plant
3. Water metabolism in plants. Diffusion, osmosis, chemical and water potentials, osmotic pressure
3.4 The plant cell as an osmotic system. Plasmolysis, deplasmolysis, turgor, cytorrhysis
3. Water Exchange in Plants. Diffusion, Osmosis, Chemical and Water Potentials, Osmotic Pressure
3.5 Mechanisms of Water Transport in the Plant. Lower Terminal Engine. Water Absorption by the Root
3. Water relations in plants. Diffusion, osmosis, chemical and water potentials, osmotic pressure
3.6 Upper end engine. Mechanisms of stomatal opening. Types of transpiration
3.7 Water movement through the vascular system
3. Water Exchange in Plants. Diffusion, osmosis, chemical and water potentials, osmotic pressure
3.8 Physiological characteristics of the water regime in various ecological plant groups
4. Photosynthesis
4.1 General equation of photosynthesis
4.2 Plastid pigments - chlorophylls, carotenoids, phycobilins
4.3 Light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
4.4 Light Absorption and Chlorophyll Excitation
4.5 Non-cyclic and Cyclic Photophosphorylation
4.6 Dark Phase of Photosynthesis. C3 Pathway of Photosynthesis (Calvin Cycle)
4.7 C4 pathway of photosynthesis (Hatch-Slack cycle)
4.8 Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) Photosynthesis
4.10 Effect of Internal and External Factors on Photosynthesis
4.12 The Significance of Photosynthetic Organisms for the Biosphere
5. Plant Respiration
5.1 Main Pathways of Respiratory Substrate Oxidation
5.2 Stage I of Respiration. Glycolysis
5.3 Stage II of Respiration. Dicarboxylic and Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle (Krebs Cycle)
5.8 Influence of External and Internal Factors on Respiration
5.9 Interconnection of Respiration with Other Metabolic Processes
6. Mineral Nutrition of Plants
6.1 Classification of Mineral Elements
6. Plant Mineral Nutrition
6. Mineral Nutrition of Plants
7. Plant Growth and Development
7.5 Leaf Growth and Development
7.8 Influence of Environmental Factors on Plant Growth
7.9 Application of Synthetic Growth Regulators in Crop Production
8. Adaptation and Resistance of Plants to Unfavorable Environmental Factors
8. Plant Adaptation and Resistance to Adverse Environmental Factors
8.2 Drought and Heat Resistance
8. Plant adaptation and resistance to adverse environmental factors
8.3 Plant resistance to low temperatures. Chilling tolerance. Frost resistance
8. Plant Adaptation and Resistance to Unfavorable Environmental Factors
8.4 Plant Adaptations for Low-Temperature Tolerance
8. Plant Adaptation and Tolerance to Adverse Environmental Factors
8. Plant Adaptation and Resistance to Unfavorable Environmental Factors
8.6 Resistance to Oxygen Deficiency
8. Plant adaptation and resistance to adverse environmental factors
8. Adaptation and Resistance of Plants to Adverse Environmental Factors
8. Plant Adaptation and Resistance to Adverse Environmental Factors