BIOCHEMISTRY - Main Regulators and Biological Fluids of the Human Body - 2016

4. CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF URINE

4.8. Questions for Practical Class Preparation

1. Choose the number of the correct answer option.

Urea is the end product of The breakdown of:

1) nitrogenous bases;

2) Amino Acids;

3) amines;

4) CARBOHYDRATES;

5) Lipids;

6) Peptides and Proteins.

2. Choose the number of the correct answer option.

Uric acid is the end product of the breakdown of:

1) nitrogenous bases;

2) amino acids;

3) amines;

4) carbohydrates;

5) lipids;

6) peptides and proteins.

3. Choose the number of the correct answer option.

Creatinine is formed As a result of:

1) Oxidative Deamination of amino acids;

2) fat METABOLISM;

3) dephosphorylation of creatine phosphate;

4) protein degradation.

4. Choose the number of the correct answer.

Reabsorption is:

1) The process of primary Urine Formation, during which all Blood components except proteins are filtered;

2) the reabsorption process where primary urine, moving along the renal tubules, returns most of its components to the blood;

3) the process of secondary urine formation.

5. Choose the number of the correct answer.

Ultrafiltration in the renal glomeruli is:

1) the process of primary urine formation, during which all blood components except proteins are filtered;

2) The final stage of urine formation;

3) the reabsorption process where primary urine, moving along the renal tubules, returns most of its components to the blood;

4) the process of secondary urine formation.

6. Choose the number of the correct answer.

Urine secretion is:

1) the process of primary urine formation, during which all blood components except proteins are filtered;

2) the final stage of urine formation;

3) the reabsorption process where primary urine, moving along the renal tubules, returns most of its components to the blood.

7. Choose the number of the correct answer.

The Hormones that regulate reabsorption are:

1) cortisol and vasopressin;

2) renin and Erythropoietin;

3) vasopressin and aldosterone;

4) renin and aldosterone.

8. Choose the number of the correct answer.

The normal daily urine output volume is (in liters):

1) 2 - 3;

2) 1000 - 2000;

3) 1 - 2;

4) 2000 - 3 000.

9. Choose the correct answer option.

An abnormally high daily urine output is referred to as:

1) polyuria;

2) gluconuria;

3) oliguria;

4) ketonuria;

5) anuria;

6) proteinuria.

10. Choose the correct answer option.

An abnormally low daily urine output is referred to as:

1) polyuria;

2) gluconuria;

3) oliguria;

4) ketonuria;

5) anuria;

6) proteinuria.

11. Choose the correct answer option.

The absence of urine is observed:

1) in polyuria;

2) in gluconuria;

3) in oliguria;

4) in ketonuria;

5) anuria;

6) proteinuria.

12. Choose the correct answer option.

Elevated glucose levels in the urine are observed:

1) in polyuria;

2) in gluconuria;

3) in oliguria;

4) in ketonuria;

5) in anuria;

6) in proteinuria.

13. Choose the correct answer option.

Elevated protein levels in the urine are observed:

1) in polyuria;

2) in gluconuria;

3) in oliguria;

4) in ketonuria;

5) in anuria;

6) in proteinuria.

14. Choose the correct answer option.

Ketone Bodies are present in the urine:

1) in polyuria;

2) in gluconuria;

3) in oliguria;

4) in ketonuria;

5) in anuria;

6) proteinuria.

15. Choose the correct answer option.

Normally, urine contains the following organic substances:

1) protein, amino acids, glucose, urea, uric acid;

2) urea, uric acid, creatinine, ketone bodies;

3) uric acid, creatinine, urea;

4) glucose, ketone bodies, protein.

16. Choose the correct answer option.

The following substances are Pathological Components of urine:

1) protein, amino acids, glucose, urea, uric acid;

2) urea, uric acid, creatinine, ketone bodies;

3) uric acid, creatinine, urea;

4) glucose, ketone bodies, protein.

17. Choose the correct answer option.

Normally, when consuming a mixed diet, the urine acidity (pH) is:

1) 3 - 5;

2) 5 - 7;

3) 8 - 11;

4) 11 - 14.