ZOOLOGY: STUDY GUIDE - Y. O. Nevedomska - 2013

Preface

LECTURE 1. DIVERSITY OF THE LIVING WORLD

1. Natural system of the organic world

2. Structural levels of organization of living organisms

3. Brief history of the animal kingdom

4. Zoological classification

Self-assessment questions

Did you know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 2. ZOOLOGY AS A SCIENCE

1. Zoology as the science of animals

2. Similarities and differences between animals and plants

3. General characteristics of animals

4. Distribution of animals in the biosphere

5. Importance of animals in nature and human life

Self-assessment questions

Did you know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 3. MOLECULAR LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION OF ANIMAL LIVING MATTER

1. Chemical elements comprising living organisms

2. Inorganic compounds: water and mineral salts

3. Organic compounds: lipids

4. Organic compounds: carbohydrates

5. Organic compounds: proteins

6. Organic Compounds: Nucleic Acids

Self-Assessment Questions

From the History of Science

Recommended Reading

LECTURE 4. CELLULAR LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION OF LIVING MATTER IN ANIMALS

1. Cytology as the Science of Cell Structure and Function. History of Cell Research

2. General Structure and Vital Activity of Animal Cells

3. Structural Features and Functioning of the Animal Cell

Self-Assessment Questions

From the History of Science

Recommended Reading

LECTURE 5. TISSUE LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION OF LIVING MATTER. ANIMAL TISSUES

1. General Characteristics of Animal Tissues

   1.1. Epithelial Tissue

   1.2. Tissues of the Internal Environment

   1.3. Muscular Tissue

   1.4. Nervous Tissue

Self-Assessment Questions

Did You Know That

Recommended Reading

LECTURE 6. SUBKINGDOM PROTOZOA, or UNICELLULAR ANIMALS Protozoa

1. General Characteristics of Protozoa, or Unicellular Animals

2. Characteristics of the Main Protozoan Phyla

Self-Assessment Questions

Did You Know That

Recommended Reading

LECTURE 7. SUBKINGDOM MULTICELLULAR ANIMALS (Metazoa). PHYLUM CNIDARIA (or Coelenterata)

1. General characteristics of the subkingdom Metazoa

2. General characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria (or Coelenterata)

3. Characteristics of the main classes of cnidarians

4. Evolutionary advancements of cnidarians compared to protozoans

5. Role of cnidarians in nature and human life

Review questions

Important to know

Recommended Reading

LECTURE 8. PHYLUM FLATWORMS (Plathelmintes)

1. General characteristics of the phylum Flatworms

2. Characteristics of classes within the phylum Flatworms

3. Adaptations of flatworms to parasitism

4. Preventive measures against helminth infections

Review questions

Interesting to know

Recommended Reading

LECTURE 9. PHYLUM ROUNDWORMS, or PSEUDOCOELOMATES (Nemathelmintes)

1. General characteristics of the phylum Roundworms

2. Progressive features of the phylum Roundworms

3. Class Nematodes, or Roundworms (Nematoda)

4. Role of roundworms in nature and human life

Review questions

Important to know

Recommended reading

LECTURE 10. PHYLUM ANNELIDS, or ANNELIDA (Annelida)

1. General characteristics of the phylum Annelida

2. Evolutionary advancements of the phylum Annelida

3. Class Polychaetes, or Polychaeta (Poiychaeta)

4. Class Oligochaetes, or Oligochaeta (Oiigochaeta)

5. Class Leeches (Hirudinea)

6. Evolutionary complexity of free-living worms compared to parasitic worms

Self-assessment questions

Did you know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 11. PHYLUM MOLLUSCS, or MOLLUSCA (Mollusca)

1. General characteristics of the phylum Mollusca

2. Evolutionary features of molluscs

3. Class Bivalves (Bivaivia)

4. Class Gastropods (Gastropoda)

5. Class Cephalopods (Cephalopoda)

Self-assessment questions

Did you know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 12. PHYLUM ARTHROPODS (Arthropoda)

1. General characteristics of the phylum Arthropoda (Arthropoda)

2. Class Crustaceans (Branchiata or Crustacea)

3. Class Arachnids (Arachnida)

4. Class Insects (Insecta)

Self-test questions

Curious to know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 13. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PHYLUM CHORDATA

1. General characteristics of the phylum Chordata

2. General characteristics of the subphylum Acrania (Protochordata). Class Cephalochordata

3. General characteristics of the subphylum Tunicata (Urochordata)

4. General characteristics of the subphylum Vertebrata, or Craniata

5. General characteristics of the infraphylum Agnatha

Self-test questions

Curious to know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 14. INFRAPHYLUM GNATHOSTOMATA. SUPERCLASS PISCES (FISHES)

1. General characteristics of the infraphylum Gnathostomata

2. General characteristics of the superclass Pisces

3. Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous fishes)

4. Class Osteichthyes (Bony fishes)

Self-test questions

Curious to know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 15. SUPERCLASS TETRAPODA (TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES). CLASS AMPHIBIA

1. Features of terrestrial vertebrates

2. Class Amphibia

Self-test questions

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Recommended reading

LECTURE 16. CLASS REPTILIA (REPTILES)

1. General characteristics of the class Reptilia (reptiles)

2. Classification of the class Reptilia (reptiles)

3. The role of reptiles in nature and human life

Review questions

Important to know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 17. CLASS AVES (BIRDS)

1. General characteristics of the class Aves (birds)

2. Classification of birds

3. The role of birds in nature and human life

Review questions

It is interesting to know that

Recommended reading

LECTURE 18. CLASS MAMMALIA (MAMMALS)

1. General characteristics of the class Mammalia (mammals)

2. Classification of the class Mammalia

3. The role of mammals in nature and human life

Review questions

It is interesting to know that

Recommended reading

GLOSSARY OF ZOOLOGICAL TERMS

REFERENCES