GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY - T.P. Pyrog - 2004

19. BACTERIAL GENETICS: CONSTANCY, VARIATION AND INHERITANCE OF TRAITS

19.1. PROTEIN SYNTHESIS AND THE GENETIC CODE

19.1.3. DNA Transcription

Another logical question arises: how does the information contained in genes determine the specific activity and other METABOLISM/8.html">Properties of Enzymes, and how is it translated into the Amino Acid Sequence of a protein? DNA, as the carrier of hereditary information, does not serve as a direct template for polypeptide synthesis. Protein Biosynthesis takes place on Ribosomes, which do not come into direct contact with DNA. The transfer of information encoded in DNA to the sites of Protein Synthesis is carried out by messenger (mRNA) RNAs. These RNAs are single-stranded. mRNA is synthesized on one of the DNA strands, and The Mechanism of this process is similar to that of DNA Replication. mRNA formation begins at the 5'-end, and in terms of base sequence, the mRNA strand is complementary to the DNA strand. Thus, during mRNA synthesis, The nucleotide sequence of DNA is simply copied. This process is called Transcription.



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