Human Anatomy - Kotsan I. Ya. 2009

Muscles and Fasciae of the Head
Facial Muscles of the Head

The Muscles of the HEAD are divided into two main groups: facial and masticatory.

The facial muscles of the head differ from the skeletal muscles of other parts of The Human Body in their origin, nature of attachment, and function. They originate from the second (hyoid) visceral arch and are located superficially, directly beneath the Skin. Most facial muscles originate from the BONES OF THE head or its fascia with one end, while the other end weaves into the thickness of the skin. Some facial muscles both originate and insert within the skin. Facial muscles lack fascia. When contracting, they provide mobility to specific areas of the skin, causing it to shift, altering its relief, and forming facial expressions. Facial expressions reflect a person's inner emotional state (joy, sadness, fear, anger, etc.). Furthermore, facial muscles are involved in articulated speech and the act of chewing.

Most facial muscles are concentrated around the natural openings of the head. Their Muscle bundles may follow a circular or radial course. Circular muscles act as sphincters (constrictors) of the openings, whereas radially arranged muscles act as dilators.

According to their anatomical Location (topography), facial muscles are categorized into muscles of the cranial vault, Muscles surrounding the palpebral fissure, muscles surrounding the nasal openings (nostrils), muscles surrounding the oral fissure, and muscles of the auricle (Fig. 107, 108).



Last update: 08/08/2026

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