Human Anatomy Part 1 - K. A. Dyubenko, A. K. Kolomiysev, Yu. B. Chaykovsky 2002

Special Part
Axial skeleton, sceleton axiale - Bones of the facial skull
Palatine bone

The palatine bone, os palatinum, is a paired bone (Fig. 47) located between the Maxilla anteriorly and the pterygoid process posteriorly. It consists of two plates: the horizontal plate, lamina horizontalis, and the perpendicular plate, lamina perpendicularis. The horizontal plates of the palatine bones contribute to The formation of the posterior part of the hard palate, as well as the median and transverse palatine sutures.

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Fig. 47. Palatine bone, os palatinum:

A - external surface; B - internal surface

The posterior border of the horizontal plate forms the inferior boundary of the choanae. At the posteromedial end of the horizontal part lies the posterior nasal spine, spina nasalis posterior. From the lateral aspect of the Base of the perpendicular part, a thick pyramidal process, processus pyramidalis, projects posteriorly. On the Inferior surface of the pyramidal process, one or two lesser palatine foramina, foramina palatina minora, are located. Anterior to them, along the lateral margin of the horizontal part inferiorly, lies the greater palatine foramen, foramen palatinum majus. The greater and lesser palatine foramina transmit palatine nerves and vessels that supply the Hard and Soft palate. In this region, palatal anesthesia is performed in clinical (dental) practice. On the lateral surface of the perpendicular plate runs the greater palatine sulcus, sulcus palatinus major. On the Medial surface of the perpendicular plate is the conchal crest, crista conchalis. The superior border of the perpendicular plate terminates in two processes: the orbital process, processus orbitalis, and the sphenoidal process, processus sphenoidalis. These processes are separated from each other by the sphenopalatine notch, incisura sphenopalatina. Together with the adjacent body of the Sphenoid bone, this notch forms the sphenopalatine foramen, foramen sphenopalatinum, which transmits Vessels and nerves from the pterygopalatine fossa, fossa pterygopalatina, into the Nasal cavity.

Ossification. A single ossification center in the palatine bone appears during the 7th week of intrauterine development. Ossification occurs first in the perpendicular plate and subsequently in the horizontal plate.