Biochemistry in Tables, Schemes, and Graphs - S.D. Zhamsaranova 2009
Transmembrane Signal Transduction
Translation
The process occurs in three stages: initiation, elongation, and termination.
Class="center">Main Components of THE PROTEIN-SYNTHESIZING SYSTEM AND THEIR Functions IN Translation
Required components |
Functions |
Substrates for Protein Synthesis |
|
tRNA molecules act as adapters. They interact with amino acids via their acceptor stem and with the mRNA codon via their anticodon |
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Each aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase catalyzes the specific binding of one of the 20 amino acids to its corresponding tRNA |
|
mRNA |
The template containing a linear sequence of codons that determines the Introduction/19.html">Primary Structure of Proteins |
Ribonucleoprotein subcellular structures that serve as the site of protein synthesis |
|
ATP, GTP |
|
Protein factors of initiation, elongation, termination |
Specific non-ribosomal proteins required for the translation process (12 initiation factors: eIF; elongation factors: EF1, EF2; termination factors: RF1, RF2, RF3) |
Magnesium ions |
Cofactor that stabilizes the ribosomal structure |
ELONGATION
Last update: 06/08/2026
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