Fundamentals of Bioinformatics - Ogurtsov A.N. 2013

Information Principles in Biotechnology
Sequencing of Biological Sequences and Gene Expression
Utilization of Sequencing Results

Discoveries made across various genome research programs will find application in the following fields of human activity:

Molecular Medicine:

✵ improving disease Diagnostics;

✵ detecting hereditary predispositions to diseases;

✵ developing drugs based on molecular data and patients' individual genetic profiles;

✵ advancing Gene Therapy.

Microbial Genomics:

✵ rapid detection and eradication of pathogens;

✵ development of novel biofuels;

✵ protecting citizens against the effects of biological and chemical weapons;

✵ safe and efficient bioremediation of toxic waste.

Risk Assessment:

✵ evaluating health risks for individuals exposed to radiation or mutagens;

✵ detecting pollutants and monitoring environmental conditions.

Anthropology and Evolution:

✵ studying evolution driven by embryonic Mutations;

✵ tracing the migration of various human populations;

✵ analyzing Y-chromosome mutations to trace the origin and migration of men.

DNA Identification:

✵ establishing paternity and other familial relationships;

✵ exonerating individuals wrongfully accused of crimes;

✵ identifying criminals whose DNA matches physical evidence left at crime scenes;

✵ identifying endangered and non-endangered species;

✵ detecting Bacteria and other organisms that may contaminate the environment;

✵ matching Donors with recipients for organ transplantation Procedures.

✵ Determination of the pedigree of breeding seed material or livestock.

Agriculture and animal husbandry:

✵ cultivation of disease- and drought-resistant cereal crops;

✵ enhancing the yield of existing crops;

✵ livestock breeding;

✵ development and application of biopesticides.

METABOLISM/35.html">Selection/41.html">Review Questions and Exercises

1. What is an Open Reading Frame?

2. How is The sequence of a clone determined?

3. What is an expressed sequence tag?

4. In what cases are DNA Microarrays used?

5. Describe The process of DNA microarray Hybridization.

6. What is THE PRINCIPLE OF positional cloning?

7. What signals are detected using a "signal sensor"?

8. What are the three levels of genomic information?

9. What is meant by a Cell's expression profile?

10. What does protein expression analysis involve?

11. What is isoelectric focusing?

12. In which areas of human activity are sequencing results applied?



Last update: 11/08/2026

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