Medical Genetics - V. M. Zaporozhan 2005

Multifactorial Diseases
Ecogenetics
Examples of ecogenetic pathological reactions — Polymorphism of carcinogen metabolism genes

The principles of Ecogenetics also hold true for potentially carcinogenic substances. The carcinogenic effect of chemical agents is more frequently manifested in individuals with specific metabolic traits. For instance, polycyclic Hydrocarbons—abundant in cigarette smoke—are converted by the enzyme aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (CYP1A1) into more carcinogenic active epoxides. Up to 30% of Lung Cancer patients belong to the group with high enzyme activity (homozygotes), whereas this trait is extremely rare in the general population. The enzyme Glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1) is involved in the conjugation of glutathione with electrophilic compounds, including carcinogens such as benzpyrene. The GSTM1 null allele is associated with an increased incidence of lung adenocarcinoma.



Last update: 11/08/2026

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