Medical Radiology - Lazar A.P. 2008
Radiation examination of bones and joints
Bone tumors
Scheme for radiological analysis (description) of bones and joints
1. X-ray Examination technique.
2. Object of study (bone, joint, or anatomical region).
3. PROJECTION OF THE X-ray examination.
4. Assessment of radiograph quality (satisfactory or unsatisfactory — regarding exposure, Processing quality, etc.).
B. Detailed Study of the Bone (Joint):
1. Position, size, and shape of the bone.
2. State of the Bone Structure (if changes involving altered bone mass are detected, specify and characterize them).
3. Contours of the outer and inner surfaces of the cortical layer.
4. State of the periosteum (if a periosteal reaction is present, name and characterize it).
5. State of growth plates and ossification centers (in children and adolescents).
6. State of the radiographic joint space, Nature of the shape and contours of the articular surfaces.
7. State of the soft Tissues surrounding the bone or joint (their volume, structure).
C. Correlation of the obtained findings with medical history, clinical and laboratory data.
D. Conclusion.
Last update: 08/08/2026
Editorial and Educational Adaptation: This material has been compiled based on the primary/original source text. The project team performed an editorial review, corrected technical inaccuracies, structured sections, and adapted the content for an educational format.
What was processed:
- elimination of formatting defects (OCR errors, structural breaks, corrupted characters);
- editorial organization of content;
- standardization of terminology in accordance with academic sources;
- verification of factual statements against the original source text.
All mentions of the author, publication year, and origin of the primary text have been preserved in accordance with the source.