Human Anatomy Part 2 - K. A. Diubenko, A. K. Kolomiitsev, Yu. B. Chaikovskyi 2008

Special Part
Cardiovascular system, systema cardiovasculare - General Overview
Circulatory circuits - Systemic circulation

It originates from the aorta, which emerges from the cavity of the left ventricle of The Heart. During the contraction of the left ventricle (systole), arterial Blood is ejected into the aorta and then, through its branches (Arteries), reaches the HEAD, neck, limbs, trunk, and Internal Organs. Within the organs, arteries transition into arterioles, which branch into capillaries. Across the capillary walls, the exchange of substances and gases occurs between the blood and the Tissues of the human body. Nutrients, oxygen, Water, and salts diffuse from the arterial blood in the capillaries into the tissues, while Metabolic waste products and carbon dioxide enter the capillaries in return. Capillaries transition into venules, and the latter into Veins. Venous blood from the capillaries, venules, and small veins flows into larger veins and, finally, empties into the right atrium via the superior and inferior venae cavae, where the systemic Circulation ends.



Last update: 08/08/2026

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