MEDICAL BIOLOGY, HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY - Ya.I. Fedoniuk 2010

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY

SECTION 4. BLOOD SYSTEM

PATHOLOGY OF THE BLOOD SYSTEM

QUANTITATIVE CHANGES IN THE BLOOD

1. ANEMIAS

1.3. ANEMIAS DUE TO INCREASED RED Blood Cell DESTRUCTION (HEMOLYTIC ANEMIAS)

Depending on the site of erythrocyte destruction, or hemolysis, hemolytic anemias are classified into intravascular and extravascular.

Intravascular hemolytic anemias occur in severe Burns, certain infectious diseases (Sepsis, malaria), poisoning, mismatched blood transfusions, and immunopathological processes. Intracellular (extravascular) hemolytic anemias are predominantly hereditary (familial). Erythrocyte destruction takes place within macrophages, mainly in the Spleen. These anemias are characterized by a classic triad of changes: Splenomegaly (enlargement of the spleen), jaundice, and anemia. Anemias of this group are caused by erythrocyte abnormalities (erythrocytopathies) manifested by altered red blood Cell size and shape (microspherocytosis, ovalocytosis), deficiency or impaired activity of erythrocyte Enzymes (erythrocyte enzymopathies), and disordered Hemoglobin synthesis (hemoglobinopathies or hemoglobinoses).



Last update: 08/08/2026

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