FISH OF THE FAMILY CYPRINIDAE IN THE WATER BODIES OF UKRAINE - V. V. Zamorov - 2015

ORDER CYPRINIFORMES

FAMILY CYPRINIDAE

Key for the identification of genera of the family Cyprinidae

1 (58). Eyes located at the level of the longitudinal axis of the body or higher. Gill membranes attached to the interbranchial space.

2 (5). Anal fin with an ossified serrated ray. Dorsal fin long, containing at least 14 branched rays.

3 (4). Barbels absent. Pharyngeal Teeth arranged in a single row. Crucian carp - Carassius

4 (3). Barbels present. Pharyngeal teeth arranged in three rows. Carp - Cyprinus

5 (2). Anal fin without an ossified serrated ray. Dorsal fin short, containing fewer than 14 branched rays.

6 (13). Barbels present.

7 (12). A single pair of barbels. Pharyngeal teeth arranged in 1-2 rows.

8 (9). Mouth terminal. Scales very small. Pharyngeal teeth arranged in a single row. Tench - Tinca

9 (8). Mouth inferior. Scales relatively large. Pharyngeal teeth arranged in two rows.

10 (11). Scales on the back smooth, without keels. Dorsal and caudal fins with several dark transverse rows of dots and spots. Anus located closer to the Water/144.html">Origin of the anal fin than to the Base of the pelvic fins. Gudgeon - Gobio

11 (10). Scales on the back rough, in sexually mature fish with several (up to 9) convex epithelial keels. Dorsal and caudal fins lacking dark dots and spots (fins colorless). Anus located closer to the base of the pelvic fins than to THE ORIGIN OF the anal fin, sometimes almost midway between the anal and pelvic fins. White-finned gudgeon - Romanogobio

12 (7). Two pairs of barbels. Pharyngeal teeth arranged in three rows. Barbel - Barbus

13 (6). Barbels absent.

14 (15). Lateral line zigzag. Body sabre-shaped. Belly from the throat to the base of the anal fin strongly compressed laterally, forming a scale-free keel along the lower margin. Sabrecarp - Pelecus

15 (14). Lateral line not zigzag. Body not sabre-shaped. Belly usually rounded throughout or at least between the throat and the origin of the pelvic fins.

16 (17). Mouth shaped like a transverse slit, lower jaw pointed anteriorly, with a cartilaginous cutting edge. Nase - Chondrostoma

17 (16). Mouth of a different Structure (not shaped like a transverse slit, lower jaw not pointed anteriorly and without a cartilaginous cutting edge).

18 (29). A fleshy keel, partially or completely devoid of scales, is present on the belly between the pelvic and anal fins.

19 (20). Back behind the dorsal fin compressed laterally and along the upper

margin forms a scale-covered keel. Vimba bream - Vimba

20 (19). Back behind the dorsal fin not compressed laterally; upper margin lacks a scale-covered keel.

21 (26). Body deep, its maximum depth is 28% or more of the body length.

22 (23). There are 8-10 scale rows above the lateral line. The anal fin has up to 22-23 branched rays; it originates behind the vertical of the dorsal fin base end, or almost at the same level. The height of the anal fin fits into the maximum body depth less than four times; pharyngeal teeth are biserial. White bream - Blicca

23 (22). There are 12-14 scale rows above the lateral line. The anal fin has more than 22-23 branched rays; it originates below the middle or the posterior third of the dorsal fin base. The height of the anal fin fits into the maximum body depth at least four times. Pharyngeal teeth are uniserial.

24 (25). The anal fin has fewer than 30 branched rays. The maximum body depth is usually greater than one-third of the body length to the end of the scaled area. Common bream - Abramis

25 (24). The anal fin has significantly more than 30 branched rays. The maximum body depth is usually less than one-third of the body length to the end of the scaled area. Blue bream - Ballerus

26 (21). Body slender, its maximum depth is no more than 27% of the body length.

27 (28). On the lateral line scales, on both sides of the lateral line pores, there are double black dot-dashes (a double "stripe"). Gill rakers are short and sparsely spaced. Kessler's minnow - Alburnoides

28 (27). On the lateral line scales, on both sides of the lateral line pores, double black dot-dashes (a double "stripe") are absent. Gill rakers are long and closely spaced. Bleak - Alburnus

29 (18). A fleshy keel, which is partially or completely devoid of scales, is absent on the belly between the pelvic and anal fins.

30 (37). Lateral line incomplete. In some individuals, it is interrupted in several places.

31 (32). Body deep, laterally compressed. The anal fin originates at the level of the middle of the dorsal fin base. In the middle of the caudal

peduncle, There is a blue-green stripe that broadens towards the caudal fin. European bitterling - Rhodeus

32 (31). Body slender, elongated. The anal fin originates noticeably behind the vertical of the dorsal fin base end or below it. A blue-green stripe is absent in the middle of the caudal peduncle.

33 (36). Scales very small. Lateral line interrupted, reaching almost to the caudal fin. Belly between the pelvic and anal fins rounded.

34 (35). Numerous small, rather distinct dark spots on the sides of the body. The length of the caudal peduncle is equal to or less than the maximum body depth. Lake minnow - Eupallasella

35 (34). Large, indistinctly outlined transverse dark spots on the sides of the body. The length of the caudal peduncle is greater than the maximum body depth. Eurasian minnow - Phoxinus

36 (33). Scales relatively large. Lateral line present only on the first 2-19 scales, sometimes completely absent. Belly between the pelvic and anal fins laterally compressed. Lake moderlieschen - Leucaspius

37 (30). Lateral line complete.

38 (39). Lateral line appears as a straight line running along the middle of the body. Mouth superior, transverse, very small. Stone moroko - Pseudorasbora

39 (38). Lateral line gently curved towards the belly, usually running below the middle of the body. Mouth terminal, subterminal, or inferior; if superior, then not transverse.

40 (41). Mouth large, terminal, obliquely truncated, slightly upturned. The lower jaw projects slightly beyond the upper jaw, featuring a tubercle that fits into a distinct notch in the upper jaw. The posterior end of the lower jaw reaches the vertical of the middle of the eye or its posterior margin. Asp - Aspius

41 (40). Mouth not large. The lower jaw lacks a tubercle, and the upper jaw lacks a distinct notch. The posterior end of the lower jaw does not reach the vertical of the middle of the eye.

42 (43). The dorsal fin originates noticeably behind the vertical of the posterior margin of the pelvic fin base. Mouth directed

upwards. Rudd - Scardinius

43 (42). The dorsal fin originates anterior to, above, or slightly behind the vertical of the pelvic fin base origin. Mouth usually not directed upwards.

44 (45). Pharyngeal teeth molariform, massive, very strong, arranged in one or two rows Black carp - Mylopharingodon

45 (44). Pharyngeal teeth not molariform.

46 (47). Dorsal fin typically with 10 (9-11) branched rays. Pharyngeal teeth uniserial Roach - Rutilus

47 (46). Dorsal fin typically with 7-8, occasionally 9 branched rays. Pharyngeal teeth biserial.

48 (57). Dorsal fin origin above or slightly behind the base of pelvic fins. Digestive tract short.

49 (52). Mouth inferior or subinferior

50 (51). Lateral line usually with 53-59 scales. Peritoneal cavity black. A fairly broad dark stripe runs from the snout or eye along the midline of the HEAD and sides of the body South Ukrainian dace - Telestes

51 (50). Lateral line usually with 41-51 scales. Peritoneal cavity

yellowish or yellowish-orange. Dark stripe along the midline of the head and body sides absent. coloration uniform Dace - Leuciscus

52 (49). Mouth terminal.

53 (56). Lateral line usually with 35-47 scales. Anal fin rounded at the tip, without a notch. Pharyngeal teeth typically 2.5-5.2.

54 (55). Lateral line usually with 40-47 scales. Coloration uniform, without stripes. Large-sized fish, body length in adults at least 20-30 cm Chub - Squalius

55 (54). Lateral line usually with 35-40 scales. A dark stripe usually runs along the middle of the body from the dorsal fin origin to the end of the scale cover. Small-sized fish, body length in adults typically not exceeding 10-15 cm Kessler's minnow - Petroleuciscus

56 (53). Lateral line usually with 55-60 scales. Anal fin with a distinct notch. Pharyngeal teeth typically 3.55.3 Ide — Idus

57 (48). Dorsal fin origin noticeably anterior to the base

of the pelvic fins. Digestive tract long Grass carp - Ctenopharyngodon

58 (1). Eyes positioned below the longitudinal axis of the body. Gill membranes not attached to the interbranchial space.

59 (60). Ventral side of the body with a rather prominent keel extending from the throat to the anus. Below the lateral line, at the level of the dorsal fin origin, no more than 23 longitudinal scale rows. Gill rakers fused into a continuous membrane Silver carp - Hypophthalmichthys

60 (59). Ventral side of the body with an indistinct keel extending only from the base of the pelvic fins to the anus. Below the lateral line, at the level of the dorsal fin origin, at least 24 longitudinal scale rows. Gill rakers not fused, free Bighead carp — Aristichthys