BIOCHEMISTRY - L. Stryer - 1984

VOLUME 2

PART II GENERATION AND STORAGE OF METABOLIC ENERGY

CHAPTER 14. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION

QUESTIONS AND PROBLEMS

1. What is the yield of ATP resulting from the Complete oxidation of each of the following substrates by a Cell homogenate, assuming that Glycolysis, The Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle, and Oxidative Phosphorylation are fully active?

a) Pyruvate.

b) NADH.

c) Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate.

d) Phosphoenolpyruvate.

e) Glucose.

f) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate.

2. a) Write the equation for the Oxidation of reduced Glutathione by O2 (Sec. 15.11). Calculate ∆Е0' and ∆G0' for this reaction using the data in Table 14.1.

b) What are The values of ∆Е0' and ∆G0' for the reduction of oxidized glutathione by NADPH?

3. How does each of the following inhibitors affect Electron Transport and ATP Synthesis in the Respiratory Chain?

a) Azide.

b) Atractyloside.

c) Rotenone.

d) DNP.

e) Carbon monoxide.

f) Antimycin A.

4. The addition of oligomycin to Mitochondria causes a decrease in both The electron transport from NADH to O2 and The rate of ATP synthesis. Subsequent addition of DNP results in an increased rate of electron transport without a concomitant change in the rate of ATP synthesis. Which reaction does oligomycin inhibit?

5. Compare the ∆G0' values for The oxidation of succinate involving NAD+ and FAD. Use the data in Table 14.1, assuming that ∆Е0' for the FAD/FADH2 redox couple is close to 0 V. Why does FAD, rather than NAD+, serve as the electron acceptor in the reaction catalyzed by succinate dehydrogenase?

6. Immediate administration of nitrite is a highly effective Treatment for cyanide poisoning. What is the basis for the action of this antidote? (Hint: Nitrite oxidizes ferrohemoglobin to ferrihemoglobin.)

7. What is the maximum value of the [ATP]/[ADP][Pi] ratio compatible with ATP synthesis for a proton-motive force of 0.2 V (matrix negative)? In calculating this ratio, assume that the number of translocated protons per ATP molecule formed is 2, 3, and 4, and that the Temperature is 25 C.



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