Sexually Transmitted Diseases - I. I. Mavrov 2005

Anomalies of the Genitourinary System

Genital malformations are congenital deviations from the normal Structure or function of the reproductive Organs that develop in utero due to embryonic or fetal developmental disorders; sometimes they are detected after birth as a consequence of subsequent abnormal organ formation (deviations in size, shape, proportion, Symmetry, or structure). An important role in the occurrence of these anomalies is played by combined Gene Mutations caused by adverse environmental and internal factors, as well as heredity. In girls, the causes of Reproductive System anomalies include underdevelopment of the paramesonephric ducts, their incomplete fusion, or impaired recanalization; in boys, they are more frequently associated with agonadism (Congenital absence of the Gonads) or gonadal dysgenesis (disorders of sex differentiation).

The wide variety of reproductive system anomalies encountered in clinical practice frequently leads to diagnostic errors, unwarranted medical interventions, and psychological trauma (especially in adolescents). Psychological distress is primarily experienced by boys, as the underdevelopment of their genitalia can become a target of cruel teasing by peers. Consequently, boys with delayed Puberty typically avoid Physical Exercise and peer contact, refusing to attend physical education classes where they have to undress in front of classmates or shower with them. In the early Selection/3.html">Stages of development, certain genital anomalies remain clinically silent and only manifest with various functional disorders upon reaching puberty.

The most common Anomalies of the Urogenital System include delayed puberty (hypogonadism), precocious puberty (hypergonadism), and Malformations of the Urethra, Penis, and scrotal organs (in boys), as well as the external genitalia, Vagina, Uterus, and Ovaries (in girls). Hermaphroditism (the presence of characteristics and traits of both sexes in the same Organism) is also observed.