Human Anatomy Part 1 - K. A. Dyubenko, A. K. Kolomiyytsev, Yu. B. Chaykovsky 2002
General Part
General Information on the Structure of the Human Body
Anatomical Terminology
Anatomical terminology refers to a scientifically substantiated and standardized list of anatomical names, terms, and phrases that define anatomical concepts used in both anatomy and clinical practice. Anatomical terminology is divided into general terminology, which defines the positioning of Organs and the orientation of body parts, and special terminology, which includes the names of specific anatomical structures. In textbooks on anatomy, terms are presented According to the International Anatomical Nomenclature (Nomina Anatomica) based on the systematic principles of The Human Body's Structure. Terms enclosed in square brackets are mandatory for study and memorization.
Below are the anatomical terms that indicate the orientation of body parts, the Location of organs, and their dimensions:
|
Verticalis |
Vertical |
|
Horizontalis |
Horizontal |
|
Medianus |
Median |
|
Coronalis |
Coronal |
|
Sagittalis |
Sagittal |
|
Frontalis |
Frontal |
|
Occipitalis |
Occipital |
|
Transuersus [transuersalis] |
Transverse |
|
Medialis |
Medial |
|
Lateralis |
Lateral |
|
Intermedius |
Intermediate |
|
Extemus |
External |
|
Internus |
Internal |
|
Dexter |
Right |
|
Sinister |
Left |
|
Ventralis |
Ventral |
|
Dorsalis |
Dorsal |
|
Medius |
Middle |
|
Anterior |
Anterior |
|
Posteroir |
Posterior |
|
Lonqitudinalis |
Longitudinal |
|
Cranialis |
Cranial |
|
Caudalis |
Caudal |
|
Rostralis |
Rostral |
|
Superior |
Superior |
|
Inferior |
Inferior |
|
Apicalis |
Apical |
|
Axialis |
Axial |
|
Superficialis |
Superficial |
|
Profundus |
Profundus [Deep] |
|
Basalis [basilaris] |
Basal [Basilar] |
|
Proximalis |
Proximal |
|
Distalis |
Distal |
|
Centralis |
Central |
|
Periphericus [peripkeralis] |
Peripheral |
|
Radialis |
Radial |
|
Ulnaris |
Ulnar |
|
Fibularis [peronealis] |
Fibular [Peroneal] |
|
Tibialis |
Tibial |
|
Palmaris [volaris] |
Palmar [Volar] |
|
Plantaris |
Plantar |
|
Flехоr |
Flexor |
|
Extensor |
Extensor |
|
Pronator |
Pronator |
|
Supinator |
Supinator |
Last update: 08/08/2026
Editorial and Educational Adaptation: This material has been compiled based on the primary/original source text. The project team performed an editorial review, corrected technical inaccuracies, structured sections, and adapted the content for an educational format.
What was processed:
- elimination of formatting defects (OCR errors, structural breaks, corrupted characters);
- editorial organization of content;
- standardization of terminology in accordance with academic sources;
- verification of factual statements against the original source text.
All mentions of the author, publication year, and origin of the primary text have been preserved in accordance with the source.