MEDICAL BIOLOGY, HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY - Y.I. Fedoniuk 2010

ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY

CHAPTER 9. THE REPRODUCTIVE PROCESS

PATHOLOGY OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

CRYPTORCHIDISM

Cryptorchidism is the incomplete descent of the Testis. It occurs in more than 30% of newborns (O.F. Vozianov), but During the first year of life, the testis descends spontaneously into the Scrotum in nearly 70% of these infants.

The Etiology of cryptorchidism is attributed to two main factors: mechanical obstructions and endocrine dysfunction of the maternal and fetal glands that regulate gonadal development. Anatomical and mechanical factors typically lead to unilateral cryptorchidism, whereas hormonal factors result in bilateral involvement.

Testicles may be retained either within the Abdominal cavity or outside it. Accordingly, abdominal and inguinal forms of cryptorchidism are distinguished.

In abdominal cryptorchidism, the testis is usually located in the pelvic cavity near the entrance to the Inguinal Canal, whereas in the inguinal form, it resides within the inguinal canal.

Cryptorchidism can be complicated by testicular torsion, strangulation of the undescended testis, or malignant transformation.



Last update: 08/08/2026

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