BOTANY WITH THE BASICS OF HYDROBOTANY (AQUATIC PLANTS OF UKRAINE) - B.Ye. Yakubenko - 2011

X. SEED PLANTS

Order Geraniales

Mostly herbs, sometimes shrubs, rarely low-growing trees. Leaves alternate, more rarely opposite, compound, dissected, or more or less deeply lobed, with or without stipules. Flowers actinomorphic or slightly zygomorphic, bisexual, rarely unisexual, gathered in cymose inflorescences. Perianth double; sepals five, rarely four, sometimes eight, imbricate or clustered, free or rarely connate at the base, petals sometimes absent. Stamens ten in two whorls, rarely 15 in three whorls; filaments more or less connate at the base. Nectar glands are frequently present. Gynoecium syncarpous, consisting of two to three, five, or eight carpels, with stylodia fused into a single style. Ovary superior, with one, two, or several more or less pendulous ovules in each locule. Fruits are of various types.

It includes nine families, 22 genera, and 1,680 species, of which representatives of five families are distributed in the Western Hemisphere, particularly in the mountainous regions of Central and South America.



Last update: 07/08/2026

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