BOTANY WITH BASICS OF HYDROBOTANY (AQUATIC PLANTS OF UKRAINE) - B.Ye. Yakubenko - 2011

X. SEED PLANTS

Order Saxifragales

Perennial or annual herbs, less commonly subshrubs or shrubs. Leaves simple, entire, or less frequently lobed, typically without stipules, alternate or opposite, occasionally whorled. Flowers solitary or arranged in various inflorescences, usually bisexual (staminate-pistillate), actinomorphic, occasionally slightly zygomorphic, typically with a double perianth. Petals free, less commonly more or less connate, sometimes absent. Stamens free, equal in number to the sepals or twice as many. Gynoecium apocarpous or coenocarpous (syncarpous or paracarpous). Ovary superior, half-inferior, or inferior, with several to many ovules. Fruit a capsule, multi-drupe, aggregate of follicles (follicetum), or berry-like.

The order comprises 13 families, 78 genera, and over 2,300 species. In Ukraine, it is represented by 5 families, 15 genera, and 58 species.



Last update: 07/08/2026

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