BOTANY WITH BASICS OF HYDROBOTANY (AQUATIC PLANTS OF UKRAINE) - B.Ye. Yakubenko - 2011

X. SEED PLANTS

Order Nelumbonales

Aquatic herbs with extremely thick rhizomes and peltate, long-petiolate aerial leaves. Flowers are large, solitary, axillary, bisexual, and spiral-cyclic. Sepals two, petals numerous (22–30), arranged spirally, not clearly demarcated from sepals. Stamens numerous, arranged spirally, with a large fleshy connective. Gynoecium is compound apocarpous, consisting of numerous spirally or nearly cyclically arranged carpels embedded in an enlarged receptacle. Each pistil, represented by a single carpel, has a sessile saucer-shaped stigma and contains a single ovule in the Ovary. Flower formula: *K2C∞A∞G∞. Fruits are multi-nutlets embedded in the receptacle. Nutlets have an extremely hard pericarp and a respiratory pore near the stigma. Cotyledons are large, fleshy, occupying almost the entire seed.



Last update: 07/08/2026

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