BIOCHEMISTRY - Main Regulators and Biological Fluids of the Human Body - 2016

2. HORMONES

2.10. The Role of Hormones in the Induction and Repression of Protein Synthesis

Let us consider this effect using Steroid Hormones as an example. The receptor protein is synthesized in the Cytoplasm and is always present within The Cell. Upon entering the target cell, the hormone forms a complex with the receptor protein (the hormone-receptor complex, or HRC). As a result, both The Structure of the hormone and the conformation of the receptor protein change, yielding a conformationally modified HRC. In this altered state, the HRC enters The Nucleus and binds to a specific region of Chromatin, thereby activating the DNA in that zone. Subsequently, the synthesis of mRNA and enzyme protein is regulated—either enhanced (induction) or suppressed (repression). In this case, the key role belongs to cytoplasmic receptor Proteins, which transmit the hormonal signal to the cell's genetic apparatus.



Last update: 06/08/2026

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