GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY - T.P. Pyrog - 2004

6. MICROBIAL GROWTH

6.1. EFFECT OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON MICROORGANISMS

All environmental Factors affecting the existence of microorganisms (their GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION) can be divided into three groups:

1) physical (Temperature, humidity, osmotic and hydrostatic pressure, radiant energy, ultrasound, electricity);

2) chemical (medium pH, redox potential, toxic substances);

3) biological (interaction of microorganisms with each other, plants, animals, and humans). The Effect of biological factors on microorganisms will be discussed in the chapter "MICROORGANISMS AND THE Environment".



Last update: 13/08/2026

Editorial and Educational Adaptation: This material has been compiled based on the primary/original source text. The project team performed an editorial review, corrected technical inaccuracies, structured sections, and adapted the content for an educational format.

What was processed:

  • elimination of formatting defects (OCR errors, structural breaks, corrupted characters);
  • editorial organization of content;
  • standardization of terminology in accordance with academic sources;
  • verification of factual statements against the original source text.

All mentions of the author, publication year, and origin of the primary text have been preserved in accordance with the source.