Tuberculosis - I.T. Pyatnochka 2005

Tuberculosis Treatment

The Treatment of tuberculosis patients is a cornerstone of the campaign against this disease, as curing patients eliminates sources of infection and improves the epidemiological situation regarding tuberculosis. In modern practice, a comprehensive, individualized approach to treatment plays a vital role, beginning at the time of Diagnosis and continuing until clinical recovery is achieved.

Tuberculosis treatment is carried out in specialized anti-tuberculosis medical facilities. The treatment process consists of two stages: the main course of Chemotherapy and post-treatment rehabilitation. Standardized regimens are applied during the main course of chemotherapy, taking into account the patient's dispensary registration category. The main course of chemotherapy is a prolonged, continuous, and combined treatment of tuberculosis patients with antimycobacterial drugs aimed at achieving a cure; it includes both intensive and continuation phases. The standard treatment course utilizes first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol). However, in cases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance or drug intolerance, chemotherapy regimens incorporating second-line and reserve drugs are employed, thereby increasing treatment efficacy. The efficacy of treatment for destructive tuberculosis, when applying and adhering to modern standard chemotherapy regimens during the primary course for newly diagnosed patients, is exceptionally high: 95–100% for the cessation of bacterial excretion, and 90–92% for the closure of cavities.>

Comprehensive treatment for patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis includes antimycobacterial therapy, pathogenetic treatment, collapse therapy and Surgical Methods, symptomatic therapy, and emergency care for tuberculosis complications.