Orthopedics - Oleksa A.P. 2006

Metabolic Bone Diseases
Effects of Sex Hormones on the Skeleton

Pathological Changes in the Gonads can be primary or secondary. Primary changes may stem from local abnormalities such as tumors, inflammation, or trauma. Secondary changes occur As a result of primary pathology in other Endocrine glands, making it extremely difficult to determine the exact extent to which Sex Hormones influence bone METABOLISM.

Therefore, whenever possible, it is first advisable to clarify whether the dysfunction of the reproductive Organs is primary or secondary in nature.

Disorders of the gonads are divided into two main groups: Hypogenitalism, characterized by decreased glandular function, and Hypergenitalism, characterized by increased glandular function.



Last update: 10/08/2026

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