Textbook - BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY - Gubsky Yu.I. - 2000
INTRODUCTION. BIOCHEMISTRY AS A SCIENCE
Section I. BIOMOLECULES AND CELLULAR STRUCTURES
CHAPTER 1. BIOCHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF CELLS
CHAPTER 2. PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES
2.1. BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES
2.2. STRUCTURE AND AMINO ACID COMPOSITION OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES
2.3. LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION OF PROTEIN MOLECULES
2.4. PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF PROTEINS
2.5. METHODS FOR ISOLATION AND ANALYSIS OF PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES
2.5.1. Methods for protein isolation and fractionation
CHAPTER 3. NUCLEIC ACIDS. NUCLEOTIDES
3.1. NUCLEOTIDES: STRUCTURE, BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS
3.2. NUCLEIC ACIDS: STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES
3.3. STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES, AND BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF DNA
3.4. STRUCTURE, PROPERTIES, AND BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF RNA
3.5. MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF NUCLEAR CHROMATIN AND RIBOSOMES
CHAPTER 4. CARBOHYDRATES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
4.1. MONOSACCHARIDES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES
4.2. COMPLEX CARBOHYDRATES. OLIGOSACCHARIDES. HOMOPOLYSACCHARIDES
4.3. HETEROPOLYSACCHARIDES. PROTEOGLYCANS. GLYCOPROTEINS
4.4. PEPTIDOGLYCANS OF MICROBIAL CELL WALLS
CHAPTER 5. LIPIDS. BIOMEMBRANES
5.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LIPIDS. FATTY ACIDS
5.2. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF LIPIDS
Section II. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF METABOLISM
CHAPTER 6. ENZYMES I. STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES
6.1. PROPERTIES OF ENZYMES AS BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS
6.2. NOMENCLATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF ENZYMES
6.3. CHEMICAL STRUCTURE OF ENZYMES. COENZYMES
CHAPTER 7. ENZYMES II. CATALYTIC MECHANISMS. KINETICS. REGULATION
7.1. MECHANISMS OF ENZYME ACTION
7.2. ENZYME KINETICS. ENZYME INHIBITORS
7.3. REGULATION OF ENZYMATIC PROCESSES. ENZYMOPATHIES
CHAPTER 8. METABOLISM: CATABOLISM AND ANABOLISM
8.1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF METABOLISM
8.2. METHODS FOR STUDYING METABOLISM
8.3. STAGES OF BIOMOLECULE CATABOLISM
CHAPTER 9. BIOENERGETIC PROCESSES: ELECTRON TRANSPORT; OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN MITOCHONDRIA
9.1. REACTIONS OF BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION
9.2. ENZYMES OF BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION
9.3. MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL OXIDATION CHAIN IN MITOCHONDRIA
9.4. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AND MITOCHONDRIAL ATP SYNTHASE
9.5. INHIBITORS OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN MITOCHONDRIA
CHAPTER 10. TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE
10.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE
10.2. ENZYMATIC REACTIONS OF THE TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE
10.3. ENERGY BALANCE OF THE TRICARBOXYLIC ACID CYCLE
10.4. ANAPLEROTIC AND AMPHIBOLIC REACTIONS
Section III. METABOLISM OF MAJOR CLASSES OF BIOMOLECULES
CHAPTER 11. CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM. I. AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC GLUCOSE OXIDATION
11.1. PATHWAYS OF INTRACELLULAR MONOSACCHARIDE CATABOLISM
11.2. AEROBIC GLUCOSE OXIDATION
11.3. GLYCOLYSIS: REACTIONS, ENERGETICS, REGULATION
11.4. ENERGETICS OF GLYCOLYSIS AND AEROBIC GLUCOSE OXIDATION
CHAPTER 12. CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM. II. ALTERNATIVE PATHWAYS OF MONOSACCHARIDE METABOLISM. REGULATION OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM
12.1. PENTOSE PHOSPHATE PATHWAY OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM
12.2. FRUCTOSE AND GALACTOSE METABOLISM
12.3. GLUCOSE BIOSYNTHESIS AND ITS REGULATION
12.4. REGULATION OF GLUCOSE METABOLISM. DIABETES MELLITUS
CHAPTER 13. CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM. III. GLYCOGEN AND GLYCOCONJUGATE METABOLISM
13.1. BIOSYNTHESIS AND DEGRADATION OF GLYCOGEN
13.2. REGULATION OF GLYCOGENOLYSIS AND GLYCOGENESIS
13.3. GENETIC DISORDERS OF GLYCOGEN METABOLISM
13.4. METABOLISM OF CARBOHYDRATE MOIETIES IN GLYCOCONJUGATES
13.5. GLYCOSIDASES. GENETIC DISORDERS OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCAN METABOLISM
CHAPTER 14. LIPID METABOLISM. I. CATABOLISM OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS AND FATTY ACIDS
14.1. PATHWAYS OF LIPID METABOLISM
14.2. CATABOLISM OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS
14.3. OXIDATION OF FATTY ACIDS AND GLYCEROL
14.4. BIOSYNTHESIS AND CATABOLISM OF KETONE BODIES
CHAPTER 15. LIPID METABOLISM. II. BIOSYNTHESIS OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS AND COMPLEX LIPIDS
15.1. BIOSYNTHESIS OF HIGHER FATTY ACIDS
15.2. BIOSYNTHESIS OF TRIACYLGLYCEROLS
15.3. BIOSYNTHESIS OF PHOSPHOGLYCERIDES
15.4. SPHINGOLIPID METABOLISM. SPHINGOLIPIDOSES
CHAPTER 16. LIPID METABOLISM. III. CHOLESTEROL METABOLISM. LIPID TRANSPORT
16.1. CHOLESTEROL BIOSYNTHESIS
16.2. BIOTRANSFORMATION OF CHOLESTEROL
16.3. TRANSPORT AND STORAGE OF LIPIDS. PLASMA LIPOPROTEINS. HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIAS
16.4. PATHOLOGY OF LIPID METABOLISM: ATHEROSCLEROSIS, OBESITY, DIABETES MELLITUS
CHAPTER 17. AMINO ACID METABOLISM. I. GENERAL PATHWAYS OF TRANSFORMATION
17.1. PATHWAYS OF AMINO ACID TRANSFORMATION IN TISSUES
17.2. AMINO ACID TRANSAMINATION
17.4. AMINO ACID DECARBOXYLATION
17.5. AMMONIA METABOLISM. UREA BIOSYNTHESIS
CHAPTER 18. AMINO ACID METABOLISM. II. SPECIALIZED PATHWAYS OF METABOLISM
18.2. SPECIALIZED PATHWAYS OF ACYCLIC AMINO ACID METABOLISM
18.3. SPECIALIZED PATHWAYS OF CYCLIC AMINO ACID METABOLISM
Section IV. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF HEREDITY AND GENETIC INFORMATION EXPRESSION
CHAPTER 19. NUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS
19.1. PURINE NUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS
19.2. PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS
19.3. DEOXYRIBONUCLEOTIDE BIOSYNTHESIS
CHAPTER 20. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF DNA REPLICATION AND RNA TRANSCRIPTION
20.1. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF DNA REPLICATION. SEMICONSERVATIVE MECHANISM OF REPLICATION
20.2. DNA REPLICATION ENZYMES IN PROKARYOTES AND EUKARYOTES
20.3. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF DNA REPLICATION
20.4. ENZYMES AND MECHANISMS OF RNA TRANSCRIPTION
CHAPTER 21. RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN BIOSYNTHESIS
21.1. GENETIC CODE AND ITS PROPERTIES
21.2. RIBOSOMAL PROTEIN-SYNTHESIZING SYSTEM
21.3. STAGES AND MECHANISMS OF TRANSLATION
21.4. REGULATION OF TRANSLATION. ANTIBIOTICS AS TRANSLATION INHIBITORS
CHAPTER 22. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION. GENETIC RECOMBINATION
22.1. REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION IN PROKARYOTES
22.2. FEATURES OF MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION AND GENOME EXPRESSION IN EUKARYOTES
22.3. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTATIONS. DNA REPAIR
22.4. GENETIC ENGINEERING. RECOMBINANT DNA
Section V. HORMONES IN THE SYSTEM OF INTERCELLULAR INTEGRATION OF BODY FUNCTIONS
CHAPTER 23. HORMONAL REGULATION OF METABOLISM AND CELLULAR BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. I. BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS OF INTRACELLULAR TRANSDUCTION OF HORMONAL SIGNALS
23.1. HORMONES AND BIOREGULATORS: DEFINITION, CLASSIFICATION
23.2. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF PEPTIDE HORMONE AND BIOGENIC AMINE ACTION
23.3. MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR MECHANISMS OF STEROID AND THYROID HORMONE ACTION
CHAPTER 24. HORMONAL REGULATION OF METABOLISM AND CELLULAR BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. II. HORMONES DERIVED FROM PEPTIDES AND AMINO ACIDS
24.1. HYPOTHALAMIC-PITUITARY SYSTEM
24.2. HORMONES OF THE PANCREAS AND GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
24.4. CATECHOLAMINES AND OTHER BIOGENIC AMINES
CHAPTER 25. HORMONAL REGULATION OF METABOLISM AND CELLULAR BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS. III. HORMONES AND OTHER LIPID-DERIVED BIOREGULATORS
25.1. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STEROID HORMONES
25.2. ADRENAL CORTEX STEROID HORMONES
25.4. HORMONAL REGULATORS OF CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS
25.5. PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE EICOSANOIDS
Section VI. BIOCHEMISTRY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND SPECIALIZED TISSUES
CHAPTER 26. HUMAN NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY. I. NUTRIENTS. DIGESTION OF NUTRIENTS
26.1. COMPONENTS OF A NORMAL HUMAN DIET
26.2. HUMAN NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS
26.3. MECHANISMS OF NUTRIENT TRANSFORMATION IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
CHAPTER 27. HUMAN NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY. II. VITAMINS AS DIETARY COMPONENTS
27.1. VITAMINS AS COMPONENTS OF HUMAN NUTRITION; VITAMIN DEFICIENCY DISEASES
27.2. COENZYME VITAMINS. ASCORBIC ACID AND BIOFLAVONOIDS
27.3. FAT-SOLUBLE VITAMINS. BIOANTIOXIDANTS
CHAPTER 28. BIOCHEMISTRY AND PATHOBIOCHEMISTRY OF BLOOD
28.1. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS OF BLOOD
28.2. RESPIRATORY FUNCTION OF ERYTHROCYTES. BIOCHEMISTRY AND PATHOBIOCHEMISTRY OF HEMOGLOBIN
28.3. ACID-BASE BALANCE. BLOOD BUFFER SYSTEMS
28.4. BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BLOOD IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
CHAPTER 29. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE BLOOD COAGULATION AND FIBRINOLYTIC SYSTEMS
29.1. FUNCTIONAL AND BIOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF THE HEMostatic SYSTEM
29.2. BLOOD COAGULATION SYSTEM: COMPONENTS, ACTIVATION MECHANISMS
29.3. ANTICOAGULANT SYSTEM OF BLOOD
29.4. BLOOD FIBRINOLYTIC SYSTEM
CHAPTER 30. BIOCHEMISTRY OF IMMUNE PROCESSES
30.1. CELLULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL ORGANIZATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
30.2. IMMUNOGLOBULINS: STRUCTURE AND BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS
30.3. MEDIATORS AND HORMONES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
30.4. BIOCHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF THE COMPLEMENT SYSTEM
30.5. BIOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF IMMUNODEFICIENCY STATES
CHAPTER 31. BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER. DETOXIFICATION PROCESSES
31.1. STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE LIVER. BIOCHEMICAL FUNCTIONS OF HEPATOCYTES
31.2. BIOTRANSFORMATION OF XENOBIOTICS AND ENDOGENOUS TOXINS. MICROSOMAL OXIDATION
31.3. METABOLISM OF BILE PIGMENTS. BIOCHEMISTRY OF JAUNDICE
CHAPTER 32. BIOCHEMISTRY OF MUSCLES AND MUSCLE CONTRACTION
32.1. ULTRASTRUCTURE AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF MUSCLES
32.2. MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUSCLE CONTRACTION
32.3. BIOENERGETICS OF MUSCLE TISSUE
CHAPTER 33. BIOCHEMISTRY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM. MOLECULAR PSYCHOBIOLOGY
33.1. FEATURES OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND METABOLISM OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
33.2. NEUROTRANSMITTERS. RECEPTORS FOR NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS
33.3. NEUROCHEMICAL MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF PSYCHOTROPIC AGENTS