Antibiotics (Properties, Administration, Interactions) - Posokhova K.A., Viktorov O.P. 2005

Macrolides, Azalides, Ketolides, Streptogramins, Pristinamycins
Pristinamycins

A representative of this antibiotic group is pristinamycin (pyostacin).

Spectrum of activity. Active against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. mitis, S. sanguis, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, C. diphteriae, N. gonorrheae, N. meningitidis, B. anthracis, C. tetani, C. perfringens, B. subtilis, B. pertussis, H. influenzaе, Listeria spp., M. pneumoniae, M. hominis, Chlamydia spp., Legionella spp., M. catarrhalis, Bacteroides spp., U. urealyticum. Natural resistance to pristinamycins is observed in group D streptococci, enterobacteria, pseudomonads, and Brucella.

Indications for use. Antibiotics of this group are used for upper and Lower Respiratory Tract infections, Skin, joint, bone, and urogenital infections, including prostatitis, as well as in ENT practice and dentistry. They can be used for endocarditis prophylaxis in patients with allergies to beta-lactam antibiotics.

Pyostacin is prescribed at a daily dose of 2–3 g (1 g 2–3 times a day).

Side effects. Pristinamycins are generally well tolerated by patients. Occasionally, they may cause dyspeptic disorders and skin rashes. They inhibit the METABOLISM of Cephalosporins. Breastfeeding should be discontinued during Treatment with pristinamycins.

Over the past decade, intensive research has been conducted to determine The Role of infectious factors in The Development of various chronic diseases (such as atherosclerosis, Bronchial Asthma, etc.). In particular, clear, pathogenetically substantiated evidence has been obtained regarding The Link Between the development of atherosclerosis and K. pneumoniae infection. Currently, leading clinics worldwide are conducting several randomized placebo-controlled trials aimed at investigating the potential use of azithromycin for the Prevention of CORONARY Heart DISEASE.

Erythromycin derivatives are being studied as potential agents for the treatment of bronchial asthma (given the proven role of Chlamydial infection in the development of some of its forms). Their Prospects in oncology are also being discussed (they inhibit tumor growth and metastasis processes, which is believed to be associated with their ability to suppress The production of certain interleukins and with their immunomodulatory properties).