Orthopedics - Oleksa A.P. 2006

Congenital malformations of the upper extremity
Congenital hand deformities
Macrodactyly

Macrodactyly refers to congenital localized gigantism. It is extremely rare and typically affects the second or third digit of the hand or FOOT (Fig. 127), and occasionally both. Other congenital anomalies of hand development do not occur concomitantly. Treatment for macrodactyly involves surgery, the goal of which is to correct the cosmetic defect and, to some extent, restore function.

Joint mobility in the giant digit is fully preserved, just like in the joints of normally developed adjacent fingers. However, the anatomical level of the joints differs, which impacts hand function.

Surgery involves partial resection of the diaphysis of the proximal and distal Phalanges of the giant digit, or resection with removal of the proximal epiphyseal Cartilage to reduce the longitudinal growth rate of the phalanges. Due to cosmetic considerations, partial finger amputation is not recommended.

Generalized unilateral gigantism may involve all segments of a single arm or only a part of it. S. A. Reinberg (1964) suggested that it is more appropriate to refer to this congenital anomaly as hemihypertrophy of an entire limb or a part thereof. The bones are longer than normal, and uneven growth of the radius and ulna may occur in the forearm. One bone may develop normally while the other undergoes hypertrophy.

Depending on The Nature of the pathological changes, appropriate Surgical treatment is performed.