Sexually Transmitted Diseases - I. I. Mavrov 2005

Contraception
Male Contraception

Until recently, contraception was considered to be exclusively a women's responsibility. However, global experience shows that male contraception has long been widely used in family planning, not only in countries facing acute demographic challenges, but also in highly developed Western nations.

Contraceptive devices that physically prevent sperm from entering the Vagina are among the primary Methods of male contraception. These primarily include the condom—a thin rubber sheath worn over the Penis during coitus. Despite being simple and affordable to use, a drawback of condoms is that they can dull sensation for partners during intercourse. The Use of condoms has increased significantly in recent times due to their safety and relatively high efficacy. Today, condoms are used not only as a barrier method of contraception, but also to prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections, most notably HIV/AIDS.

There are various approaches to regulating male fertility. One example is Hormonal contraception, where male fertility is suppressed using hormonal agents (estrogens, androgens, antiandrogens, progestins) that disrupt Spermatogenesis. The use of non-hormonal chemical compounds that target the sperm maturation process is considered more promising. For this purpose, substances such as L-chlorohydrin, the S-enantiomer, 6-chloro-6-deoxyglucose, and salasulfapyridine are employed, alongside plant-derived agents (gossypol, TW glycoside, etc.).

In some cases, male contraception involves surgical sterilization—bilateral transection and ligation of the vas deferens. This Procedure is performed for medical reasons and strictly with the patient's consent. In certain situations (such as remarriage or the death of a child), it is undesirable due to its invasiveness and The complexity of restoring vas patency. Recently, a less invasive, reversible technique involving the injection of chemical agents for vas occlusion has been developed.