Obstetrics and Gynecology - A.M. Hromova 2000

Modern methods for assessing fetal condition
Biophysical profile of the fetus

The fetal biophysical profile (BBP) is a comprehensive assessment of fetal well-being based on non-stress test (NST) data obtained via ultrasound.

The NST is one of the primary Methods for antenatal evaluation of fetal functional status. The test is based on the physiological reflex acceleration of the fetal Heart rate in response to fetal movements, mediated by the myocardial reflex.

The fetal biophysical profile comprises five parameters, with a positive result for each scored on a 2-point scale:

- fetal breathing movements (considered normal if there is at least one episode of rhythmic breathing lasting 30 seconds or more within a 30-minute observation period);

- fetal body movements (at least three discrete body or limb movements within 30 minutes);

- fetal tone (at least one episode of active extension and rapid return to flexion of the fetal limbs or spine within 30 minutes);

- NST — accelerations of the fetal heart rate of 15 beats per minute or more, lasting at least 15 seconds, observed over a 10-20 minute period in response to fetal movement;

- Amniotic Fluid volume — a single deepest vertical pocket of amniotic fluid measuring at least 2 cm in two perpendicular planes.

The biophysical profile holds high prognostic value in assessing intrauterine fetal condition, particularly in cases of acute or chronic Hypoxia, Premature Rupture of membranes, development of chorioamnionitis, and other complications.



Last update: 08/08/2026

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