Plant Physiology - M.M. Musiienko 2001

Chemical and Molecular Composition, Structure, and Functions of the Plant Cell
Plasmalemma

The plasmalemma surrounds the outer surface of the protoplast, extending from one Cell to another via plasmodesmata. The outer surface of the plasmalemma is covered with embedded granules up to 15 nm in diameter. These are believed to be enzyme complexes responsible for the Synthesis of cell wall Cellulose microfibrils. In addition, the plasmalemma coordinates METABOLISM between The Cell and the external environment, and transmits hormonal and environmental signals that control cell growth and differentiation.



Last update: 07/08/2026

Editorial and Educational Adaptation: This material has been compiled based on the primary/original source text. The project team performed an editorial review, corrected technical inaccuracies, structured sections, and adapted the content for an educational format.

What was processed:

  • elimination of formatting defects (OCR errors, structural breaks, corrupted characters);
  • editorial organization of content;
  • standardization of terminology in accordance with academic sources;
  • verification of factual statements against the original source text.

All mentions of the author, publication year, and origin of the primary text have been preserved in accordance with the source.