Biological Chemistry - Berezov T. T., Korovkin B. F. 1998

Vitamins
Vitamin-like Compounds
Lipoic Acid

В 50-е годы в дрожжах и Ткани печени был открыт фактор роста молочнокислых бактерий, не относящийся ни к одному из известных витаминов; некоторые виды стрептококков также нуждались в нем как в факторе роста. В кристаллическом виде этот фактор был идентифицирован с а-липоевой (1,2-дитиолан-3-валериановой) кислотой.

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As can be seen from the formulas, lipoic acid can exist in oxidized (—S—S—) and reduced (SH—) forms, which enables its coenzyme Functions. In particular, lipoic acid plays an indispensable role in the oxidation and transfer of acyl groups within multicomponent enzyme systems. Its primary function is direct participation in The oxidative decarboxylation of $\alpha$-keto acids in Tissues (pyruvic and $\alpha$-ketoglutaric acids; see Chapter 10). Lipoic acid acts as a prosthetic group, along with thiamine pyrophosphate and CoA, in complex multienzyme Pyruvate and ketoglutarate dehydrogenase systems. However, to date, there is still no information regarding the mechanisms of lipoic acid Biosynthesis, not only in animal tissues but also in plants and microorganisms.



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