PLANT REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY - N. L. Kolyasnikova - 2017

Appendix 1

Microsporogenesis and microsporogametogenesis in alfalfa (Medicago sativa)

Species

Bud length, mm

Stages of microsporogametogenesis

Archesporium

PI

MI

AI

TI

PII

M II

AII

TII

Microspore tetrads

UNP

BNP

Alfalfa

3.2

+










4.5

+









4.7

+

+







5.1



+






5.5




+





6.0





+

+



6.5







+

+

6.7









+

+

Note: PI – prophase I; M I – metaphase I; A I – anaphase I; T I – telophase I; P II – prophase II; M II – metaphase II; A II – anaphase II; T II – telophase II;

UNP – uninucleate pollen grain; BNP – binucleate pollen grain.

Appendix 2

Pollen grain fertility in certain plant species

Plant species

Total number of pollen grains

Fertile pollen

grains

Sterile pollen grains

unstained

small

shrivelled

other

Littleleaf linden

16

15

-

-

1

-

14

12

1

-

1

-

15

14

1

-

-

-

10

8

1

1

-

-

14

11

1

-

2

-

19

17

-

1

1

-

11

10

-

-

1

-

16

14

2

-

-

-

10

9

-

-

1

-

15

13

1

-

1

-

Total

140

123

7

2

8

-

Fertility, %

87.9

Plant species

Total number of pollen grains

Fertile pollen

grains

Sterile pollen grains

unstained

small

shrivelled

other

Usambara violet

12

10

1

1

-

-

10

10

-

-

-

15

12

2

1

-

-

10

9

1

-

-

14

11

1

2

-

-

12

11

-

1

-

-

9

8

-

1

-

-

15

14

1

-

-

-

11

10

1

-

-

-

10

9

1

-

-

-

Total

118

104

8

6

0

0

Fertility, %

88.1

Appendix 3

Pollen grain viability in Usambara violet

Item No.

Total number of pollen grains

Pollen with germinating pollen tubes

Non-viable pollen

no pollen tubes

several pollen tubes

other

1

13

8

4

1

-

2

9

6

3

-

-

3

10

7

1

2

-

4

8

3

4

1

-

5

12

8

4

-

-

6

11

8

2

1

-

7

12

7

5

-

-

8

10

7

2

1

-

9

8

5

3

-

-

10

9

3

4

2

-

Σ

102

62

32

8

0

Viability, %

60.8

Appendix 4

Laboratory seed germination in certain plant species

Item No.

Plant species

Number of seeds

Seed germination, %

normally germinated

ungerminated

in light

in dark

in light

in dark

in light

in dark

1

White mustard

43

45

7

5

86

90

2

Red fescue

47

48

3

2

94

96

3

Broadleaf plantain

47

26

3

24

94

52

4

French marigold

26

35

24

15

52

70

5

Siberian peashrub

46

44

4

6

92

88

6

Blue spruce

16

9

34

41

32

18

7

Common ninebark

10

19

40

31

20

38

8

European ash

4

15

46

35

8

30

9

Garden radish

47

41

3

9

94

82

10

Cinnamon rose, dog rose

0

0

50

50

0

0

Note: the table presents the results of a single experiment

Appendix 5

Characteristics of main seedling categories in seed germination assessment

Germinated seeds

Ungerminated seeds

Normally germinated

Swollen

Hard

Decayed

Abnormally germinated

Well-developed roots, cotyledons, hypocotyl, epicotyl

Have not germinated by the time of evaluation, but appear healthy. Do not crush

under forceps pressure

Have not swollen or changed appearance by the end of the germination period

Seeds with soft, decomposed endosperm or perisperm, blackened or decayed embryo, rotted roots, cotyledons, plumule, etc.

Show developmental abnormalities: lacking embryonic roots, or with weak, watery roots; plumule absent or decayed; abnormalities in coleoptile development. Cotyledons lost by more than 1/3 or completely, abnormally enlarged with a shortened hypocotyl






Appendix 6

Recording seed infestation by mold fungi

Degree of seed infection

Seeds covered with mold fungi

Low

Up to 5%

Moderate

Up to 25%

High

Over 25%

Appendix 7

Potential seed productivity (PSP) per shoot in littleleaf linden (2015)

No.

Number of inflorescences

Number of flowers per inflorescence

Number of ovules per flower

PSP

M±m

V,%

1

50

4,5±0,26

5,8

5

1125

2

44

3,5±0,21

6,0

5

770

3

48

3,3±0,23

7,0

5

792

4

55

3,8±0,20

5,3

5

1045

5

42

2,2±0,22

10,0

5

770

6

45

3,6±0,18

5,0

5

810

7

56

3,6±0,25

6,9

5

1008

8

57

3,2±0,18

5,6

5

912

9

53

3,0±0,20

6,7

5

795

10

67

2,5±0,23

9,2

5

838

Note:

М = ΣX : N;

m=± √ V-Хn) : (N-1)

V= m : М х 100%

PSP = number of inflorescences × number of flowers × number of ovules

Appendix 8

Potential seed productivity (PSP) of little-leaf linden per shoot (2015)

No.

Number of inflorescences

Number of fruits per inflorescence

Number of seeds per fruit

RSP

Kpr

М ±m

V,%

1

36

2,5±0,26

10,4

1

90

8

2

43

3,1±0,30

9,7

1

133

17

3

40

2,1±0,28

13,3

1

84

11

4

42

2,4±0,29

12,1

1

100

9,5

5

45

2,6±0,27

10,4

1

117

12

6

47

3,1±0,30

9,7

1

139

17

7

38

2,4±0,27

11,2

1

91

9

8

38

3,1±0,29

9,3

1

117

13

9

43

2,0±0,20

10,0

1

86

7

10

38

1,7±0,28

16,5

1

65

5,3

Note:

RSP = number of inflorescences × number of fruits × number of seeds